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4 - Rocks and Minerals
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Name three causes of weathering
wind and water, animals' hooves, plants' roots, heating and cooling, water freezing
How is glass made?
sand and other minerals are heated until they melt
What is weathering?
the breaking down or dissolving of rocks on the Earth's surface
Igneous rocks form when magma (molten rock) ________ and crystallizes.
cools
What rock is formed when other rocks are affected by great temperatures and pressures?
metamorphic rock
Crystals can be broken into small pieces called ________.
grains
What mineral is used for making plaster and toothpaste?
gypsum
What mineral is used in baby powder?
talc
What mineral is used for making aluminium? Alumina is extracted from here.
bauxite
The grey thing inside the pencil is called ___. (the tip of the pencil when sharpened)
graphite
Igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic? Limestone is a_______
sedimentary rock
Igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic? Marble is a_______
metamorphic rock
Igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic? Granite is an_______
igneous rock
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Metamorphic rocks are formed when other rocks are affected by great temperatures and pressures
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
Sedimentary rocks are formed from deposits of pre-existing rocks or pieces of once-living organism
How are igneous rocks formed?
Igneous rocks form when magma (molten rock) cools and crystallizes
Give 2 examples of metamorphic rocks
marble, slate, jadeite, eclogite, schist...
Give 2 examples of sedimentary rocks
sandstone, limestone, shale, chalk, banded iron, glacial conglomerate
Give 2 examples of igneous rocks
granite, basalt, obsidian, pumice, peridotite, scoria....
Name the three main types of rocks
igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks
What is a rock?
a solid made from one or more minerals
Give an example of a mineral
salt, graphite, talc, diamond, alumina, calcite, gypsum
Depending on the minerals rocks contain, they have different________
colors, hardness, texture (rough or smooth(, lustre (shiny or dull)
A ______ is a solid made from one or more minerals.
rock
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