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6th Grade Test 5
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three main sections of the earth
crust, mantle, core
Smaller fragments of molten rock that solidify almost instantly are called _______
tephra
Holes or cracks which serve as escape vents for underground gases are called _______
fumaroles
A depression found at the top of a volcano is called a _______
crater
Running along the edge of the Pacific Ocean, the _______ is named for its many volcanoes
Ring of Fire
Magma that has reached the earth's surface is called _______
lava
A volcano that has not erupted in recorded history
extinct
A volcano that has erupted recently
active
a volcano characterized by hot clouds of gas and dust that it expels
Pinion
a volcano that produces lava fountains or fire curtains
Hawaiian
a volcano that has been active at some time in recorded history, but has not had a recent eruption
dormant
the study of earthquakes
seismology
the underwater mountain ranges
mid-oceanic ridges
The boundary between earth's crust and its mantle
Moho
the process by which new soil is formed as rocks crumble and break into smaller pieces
weathering
scientists who study the structure of the earth
geologists
A ________ allows molten rock and hot gases to escape from within the earth
volcano
The _______ is created when trapped gases blast through the earth's surface
vent
The temperature of rocks _________ with depth
increases
____________ occurs when natural acids slowly eat into rock, breaking it apart
Chemical weathering
The strength of an earthquake is called its ________
magnitude
Any trembling or shaking of the earth's crust is defined as an _________
earthquake
The place at ground level that is directly above the focus of an earthquake is known as the ________
epicenter
The point underground where an earthquake begins is called the _________
focus
A break that appears at the boundary between two moving masses of rock is known as a _________
fault
Earthquakes sometimes called monstrous waves called _______
tsunamis