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Any remains, impression, or trace of a living thing of a former geologic age
Fossil Evidence
The process that formed and changed Earth from its beginning to the present
Earth’s Evolution
The process of determining an approximate computed age in archaeology and geology
Absolute Geologic Dating
The theory that the crust is divided into large pieces called tectonic plates that slowly move on top of the mantle
Plate Tectonics
The boundary between two tectonic plates moving toward each other, resulting in volcanic activity when a denser oceanic plate subducts, or moves below, a continental plate or another oceanic plate
Convergent Boundary with Mountain Building
A place where two tectonic plates move toward each other and collide
Convergent Boundary
The solid layer with plasticity in the upper mantle that is located just below the lithosphere; lithospheric plates “float” and move on this layer
Asthenosphere
temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, and air quality measurements
Atmospheric Data
the process of laying down sediment and a phase transition in matter
Deposited
layers of rock, or sometimes soil
Strata
the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed and found beneath the surface of the Earth
Magma
the process by which natural forces, like water or wind, wear away and transport materials like soil or rock
Erosion
the process by which rocks and minerals break down at the Earth's surface
Weathering
are types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at Earth's surface, followed by cementation.
Sedimentary Rocks
form when rocks are subjected to high heat, high pressure, hot mineral-rich fluids or, more commonly, some combination of these factors.
Metamorphic Rocks
the kind which form when molten rock cools down to a solid-state.
Igneous Rock
a geological process that describes the transformation of rocks between the three main types: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary
The Rock Cycle
the idea that natural processes have operated in the same way throughout the past and present, and will continue to do so in the future.
Uniformitarianism
the remains of the actual organisms.
Body Fossils
divides up the history of the earth based on life-forms that have existed during specific times since the creation of the planet.
Geological Time Scale
a collection of fossils documenting the history of life on Earth.
The Fossil Record
This principle states that layers of rock are superimposed, or laid down one on top of another. The oldest rock strata will be on the bottom and the youngest at the top.
Law of Superposition
the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past.
Fossils
preserved evidence of the interactions between organisms and their environment, such as footprints, burrows, nests, or feces.
Trace Fossils
the idea that natural processes have operated in the same way throughout the past and present, and will continue to do so in the future.
Uniformitarianism