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5.8 Earth and Rocks Vocabulary Review
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what is the atmosphere?
layers of gases surrounding a planet (air)
What is.... layers of gases surrounding a planet (air)
atmosphere
What is the geosphere?
the earth; the rocks, minerals, and landforms of the surface and interior of earth
Definition: the earth; the rocks, minerals, and landforms of the surface and interior of earth
Geosphere
biosphere
made up of the parts of Earth where life (organisms) exist
made up of the parts of Earth where life (organisms) exist
biosphere
hydrosphere
the total amount of water on a planet; inincludes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in the air
the total amount of water on a planet; includes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in the air
hydrosphere
chemical weathering
the erosion or disintegration of rocks, building materials, etc., caused by chemical reactions (mainly with water and substances dissolved in it) rather than by
the erosion or disintegration of rocks, building materials, etc., caused by chemical reactions (mainly with water and substances dissolved in it) rather than by mechanical processes
Chemical weathering
convergent
plates move toward each other
plates move toward each other
convergent
crust
the outer layer of the Earth; made of solid rock
the outer layer of the Earth; made of solid rock
crust
deposition
process in which wind, water, and gravity leave eroded sediments in new locations
process in which wind, water, and gravity leave eroded sediments in new locations
deposition
divergent
plates move apart from each other
plates move apart from each other
divergent
erosion
the carrying away of sediments caused by wind, ice, and water
the carrying away of sediments caused by wind, ice, and water
erosion
igneous rock
formed when hot, melted materials (magma) cool and harden; found where volcanoes exist or once existed
formed when hot, melted materials (magma) cool and harden; found where volcanoes exist or once existed
igneous rock
inner core
the center region of the Earth made of solid iron and nickel
mantle
the middle layer of the Earth; made of melted rock that flows like thick, lumpy gravy
hard matter formed by extreme heat and pressure deep within the Earth
metamorphic rock
mountains found on the ocean floor where plates of the Earth are moving apart
mid-ocean ridges
the layer of the Earth made of liquid iron and nickel located just below the mantle
outer core
plate tectonics
a theory that the Earth's crust in broken into distinct moving plates, or pieces
solid material that settles at the bottom of a liquid, especially earth and pieces of rock that have been carried along and then left somewhere by water, ice, or wind
sediment
formed when layers of sediment are pressed together; found where water exists or once existed; sometimes contain fossils
sedimentary rock
thermal energy
heat energy produced from a rise in temperature and faster moving molecules
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