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The Plant Kingdom Unit 4 Review
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Nastic movement in response to vibration (like an insect landing)
thigmonasty
Fruits can be ______ or ______
Fleshy (seed surrounded by juicy flesh) or dry (seed has hard protective cover)
When conditions are right, seeds _____ and form a new plant
Germinate
Give an example of a plant adaptation
Cacti needle shaped leaves, oak waxy leaves, angiosperms losing leaves, floating water lilies
Define adaptation
Characteristics that allow living things to survive in their environments
4 stages of reproduction in a flowering plant
Production of pollen, pollination, fertilization, seed formation (then fruit formation and germination)
Flowers that have both male and female reproductive organs are called
Hermaphrodite flowers
Three parts of a carpel
Stigma, style, ovary
The female sexual organ of an angiosperm flower
Carpel
The filament and anther are two parts of the _____
Stamen
Gymnosperms produce _____ that contain gametes
Cones
Angiosperms produce ____ that contain gametes
Flowers
Spores are created in structures called
Sporangia
The process of reproduction through spores
Sporogenesis
The process of a male and female gamete joining
Fertilization
Describe budding
Through spores or breakage, a plant forms a new independent plant that is genetically identical
What are the three general ways plants reproduce
Asexual, Sexual, Alternation of Generations
Nastic movement due to changes in temperature
thermonasty
Movements that are temporary in one part of the plant (independent of stimuli)
Nastic movements
Plant movement in response to water
Hydrotropism
Plant movement in response to gravity
geotropism
Plant movement in response to light
Phototropism
Plant horomones regulate processes such as
Growth, leaf drop, fruit ripening
Plants secrete ____ as an internal stimuli to generate responses in different parts of the plant
Horomones
Plants release waste substances through their ______
stomata
Plants get energy through a process called _____ that takes place in the mitochondria
Cell respiration
Inorganic xylem sap is transformed through a chemical reaction into ______
Phloem sap
Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through the _____
stomata
What is the recipe for photosynthesis?
Water + minerals + CO2+ sunlight --> organic matter + O2
What component of the leaf is performing photosynthesis
Chloroplasts
In which part of a plant does photosynthesis happen?
Leaves
A mixture of water and minerals that plants use to transport nutrents
Xlem sap
Plants take in _____ and expel ____ through their leaves (gases)
Carbon Dioxide; Oxygen
Which of the following characteristics do Gymnosperms have: Flower, seed, fruit
All of them
Name 3 of the main plant groups
Hepatica, Mosses, Ferns, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms
What is a plant? (3 important characteristics)
Multicellular organisms made of eukaryotic plant cells. Autotrophic nutrition.
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