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Geology Unit Review
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Rocks are extracted from
Gravel pits, quarries, and underground quarries
We use rocks to make what types of building materials?
Cement and concrete
What is a volcanic rock?
A rock that solidifies in the exterior
What is a plutonic rock?
A rock that solidifies in the interior of the Earth
What is the process that creates metamorphic rocks?
Metamorphism
What is name of the process that creates sedimentary rocks?
Lithification
How do sedimentary rocks form?
Sediments are deposited, build up, and compact over time
What does it mean for a rock to be foliated?
Has parallel layers
How do metamorphic rocks form?
Pressure and heat change the compositon of a rock
How can we classify igenous rocks?
Volcanic/Extrusive; Plutonic/Intrusive
Which type of rock forms when magma cools?
Igenous/Magmatic Rocks
What do we mean when we refer to the texture of a rock?
Arrangement of minerals inside the rock
What does it mean for a rock to be complex or Heterogenous?
Formed by several different minerals
What does it mean for a rock to be Homogenous?
Formed by one mineral
What is the definition of a rock?
Solid, naturally occuring aggregates of one or various minerals
What are two types of mines?
Surface/open-cast mines and Underground mines
What are mines?
Places where minerals are extracted from earths crust
How are minerals used in industry?
Uraninite for nuclear fuel, quartz for glass and solar, and gypsum for plaster, fertilizers, and explosives
What are ores?
Minerals that contain metals
Name two uses of minerals
Ore, raw materials (industry), gems and precious stones
Name two physical properties used to classify minerals
Shape of crystals, streak, color, luster, hardness, cleavage, density
What is a mineral?
Solid, inorganic, naturally ocuring substance; specific chemical composition
Is the inner or outer core solid? Why?
The inner core is solid due to pressure
The core is made mostly of (mineral)
Iron
The Mantle is made primarily of
Peridotite
The oceanic crust is made primarily of (rock type)
Basalt
The continental crust is made of rocks such as
Granite, clay, and slate
The layers of the Geosphere are seperated by
Discontinuities
Name the layers of the Geosphere/Earth
Crust, Mantle, Core
Which layer of the planet contains all life?
Biosphere
Which layer of the planet has water in three states?
Hydropshere
What is the first step of Earth Formation?
Sun was formed from nebula
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