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The Earth's magnetic field protects us from ionising radiation from space (solar winds) [True/False]
True
The aurora borealis (northern lights) is caused by ionising radiation hitting the atmosphere (True/False)
True
Which would be the most dangerous type of radioactive source to swallow?
Alpha because its the most ionising.
What is the link between evolution and background ionising radiation?
Evolution requires DNA mutations caused by ionising radiation
Why can Gamma rays be used to treat cancer?
Gamma rays can kill cancer cells inside the body e.g. the brain.
Why will the nurse leave the room when you receive an x-ray.
Using distance to reduce their dose of radiation.
Why do astronauts receive a higher dose of radiation than someone on Earth?
The atmosphere absorbs cosmic rays (ionising radiation from space)
Why are the radioactive isotopes used in medical imaging created in a lab very near to the hospital?
Medical isotopes have a short half life of a few hours.
Which Radioactive source type would you find in a smoke alarm? Alpha, Beta or Gamma.
Alpha
What is a radioactive source injected into the body for a PET scan called?
A tracer
What are the disadvantages of sending radioactive waste (from nuclear power stations) into space?
Expensive, sometimes the launch goes wrong - rockets can explode
Is the dome built over the destroyed reactor 4 in Chernobyl to prevent contamination or irradiation?
Contamination
What is the charge on a beta particle?
-1
What is the charge on an alpha particle?
+2
When an object is exposed to ionising radiation, it has been...
Irradiated
What is the unwanted presence of radioactive material called?
contamination
Do you want the half life of a radioactive source in a smoke alarm to be long or short?
long
Do you want the half life of a radioactive tracer used for a PET scan to be long or short?
short
What is the definition for half life?
the time taken for the activity of a radioactive source to reduce by half.
What is the activity of a radioactive source?
The amount of radiation given off each second.
Why is ionising radiation dangerous?
It can damage, kill or mutate cells causing cancer.
When Polonium undergoes alpha decay, it becomes a new element - Lead. [True/False]
True
The charge on an electron is?
-1
The charge on a neutron is?
0
The charge on a proton is?
+1
The mass number is the number of?
Protons and Neutrons
The atomic number is the number of?
Protons in a nucleus.
What do we call atoms with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons?
Isotopes
Who's model of the atom put electrons in shells hold 2,8,8 electrons?
Niels Bohr
What was missing from Rutherford's model of the atom?
Protons and neutrons, electrons in shells
What happens is a positively charge particle comes close to another positively charged particle?
They repel each other
What did this experiment discover about the atom?
Atoms have a positive nucleus
What is the name of this model of the atom?
The plum pudding model
The discovery of the electron lead to which model of the atom?
The plum pudding model
What was the first sub atomic particle discovered?
The electron
What is the minimum material needed to stop gamma radiation?
Thick lead
What is the minimum material needed to stop Beta radiation
Aluminum
What is the minimum material needed to stop Alpha radiation?
Paper / 10cm of air
Which type of radioactive decay is this?
Gamma
Which type of radioactive decay is this?
Beta
Which type of radioactive decay is this?
Alpha
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