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SEMANTICS: Unit 17 Meaning of Postulates
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_________________ and selectional restrictions are expressed by meaning postulates that look formally alike.
 
Hyponymy relations
 
Antonymy relations
 
Synonymy relations
"This object is dead" entails "This object was once alive but is no longer alive"?
 
TRUE
 
FALSE
Write meaning postulates to account for the hyponymy between the following pair of two-place predicates: RED, COLOUR
 
x RED y -> x COLOUR y
 
x RED y ~ x COLOUR y
 
x RED -> x COLOUR
Write meaning postulates, using the negative connective ~ to account for the antonymy between the following pair:TRUE, FALSE
 
x TRUE y -> ~x FALSE y
 
x TRUE y -> x FALSE y
 
x TRUE y ~ x FALSE y
Formulate a partial dictionary entry for red, expressing its relationship to concrete, using the meaning postulate notation.
 
RED: x RED -> x CONCRETE
 
RED: x RED -> ~ x CONCRETE
 
RED: x RED -> ~ y CONCRETE
 
RED: x RED -> y CONCRETE
The connective -> expresses _____________
 
entailment
 
paraphrase
 
synonymy
Which sentence is anomalous?
 
I just killed the desk
 
Hilda’s cow is a beautiful animal
 
A parrot is a kind of bird.
"Christopher is killing phonemes" is an example of__________________
ANOMALY
The basic form of a logical ______________ is p & ~ p
CONTRADICTION
The hyponymy relation between predicates is often naturally expressed by the phrase ‘ . . . is a kind of . . . ’
 
TRUE
 
FALSE
The restriction of the predicate red to things satisfied by the predicate concrete is a ___________
selectional restriction
Is it true to say that if something is red, then it must be concrete (in the sense of non-abstract)?
 
YES
 
NO
The negative connective ~ can be used to account for relations of binary antonymy.
 
binary antonymy
 
synonymy
 
hyponymy
This example expresses the fact that man (in sense 1) is a synonym of human being.
 
TRUE
 
FALSE
Which following statement is correct?
 
HUMAN BEING is a synonym of MAN
 
HUMAN BEING is a two-place predicate.
 
HUMAN BEING is a hyponym of ADULT
Which is the superordinate terminthefollowinglist: man, stallion, male, boy, bull, boar
MALE
Is "This ram is female" a contradiction?
 
YES
 
NO
The propositional connective & corresponds roughly to if . . .then.
 
FALSE
 
TRUE