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SCIENCE 10: WEEK 1 AND 2
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Main goal is to give probability of a certain magnitude earthquake occuring on a time scale of 30-100 years or more
LONG-RANGE EARTHQUAKE PREDICTIONS
Accounts for 17% of the world's largest earthquakes
ALPINE-HIMALAYAN BELT
The seismic belt characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes
CIRCUM-PACIFIC BELT or PACIFIC RING OF FIRE
Narrow geographic zone on the Earth's surface where most earthquake activities occur
SEISMIC BELT
A quantitative measurement of the actual ground motion
MAGNITUDE
Who invented the first Earthquake detector during the Han Dynasty?
ZHANG HENG - seismoscope
What is plate 7?
AFRICAN PLATE
What is plate 12?
PHILIPPINE SEA PLATE
What is plate 8?
EURASIAN PLATE
What is plate 2?
PACIFIC PLATE
What is plate 6?
CARIBBEAN PLATE
Give at least 3 minor plates
Caribbean, Nazca, Philippine, Arabian, Cocos, Scotia, Juan de Fuca
What percentage of the Earth's surface area account for the Seven major lithospheric plates?
94%
What is the composition of continental lithosphere?
Granitic, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks
Oceanic Lithosphere or Continental Lithosphere: Which one is younger and why?
Oceanic Lithosphere, due to continuous seafloor spreading
The molten upper portion of the mantle
ASTHENOSPHERE
Consists of the crust and the upper part of the mantle
LITHOSPHERE
Give 3 evidences or Scientific basis of the division of lithospheric plates
(1) Mountain chains, (2) Volcanism, (3) Fossils, (4) Earthquakes
Main reason why there is a ring of natural disaster around the Pacific
Subduction zones
What are the four continents affected by the Pacific Ring of Fire?
Asia, Oceania, North America, South America
An area characterized with active volcanism and seismic activities
PACIFIC RING OF FIRE
A volcano that has had at least one eruption in the last 10,000 years
ACTIVE VOLCANO
A type of volcano with slow steep, cone shaped flanks
CINDER VOLCANO
A part of the volcano characterized by an opening in the earth's surface where volcanic materials escape
VENT
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