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Unit 2: The Chemistry of Life
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______________ are weak acids or bases that help neutralize other acids or bases.
Buffers
Enzymes act by ____________ the amount of activation energy needed in a reaction.
Lowering
Water sticking to its container would be an example of _____________.
 
adhesion
 
cohesion
 
heat capacity
 
heat of vaporization
Water "sticking" to other water molecules would be an example of ______________________.
 
cohesion
 
adhesion
 
heat of vaporization
 
capillary action
Describe the significance of water having a high heat capacity
allows for our bodies to avoid drastic changes in temperature and allows our bodies to cool off when sweating; ultimately allows our bodies to maintain homeosta
reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
substrate
small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
monomer
mixture of water with an non-dissolved material
suspension
elements or compounds that participate in a chemical reaction
reactant
Atomic number is equal to ______________________
the number of protons
A measurement of how difficult it is to stretch or break the top layer of a liquid.
Surface Tension
A protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions is called a(n) __________________.
enzyme
A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom is called a _______________.
Hydrogen Bond
Chemical bond formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another
ionic bond
Energy input that is needed for a reaction to begin is called _____________________.
activation energy
A type of bond between atoms in which electrons are shared.
 
Covalent Bond
 
Ionic Bond
 
Metallic Bond
 
none of these
A(n) _______________ is a substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction.
 
catalyst
 
amino acid
 
monosaccharide
 
polymer
Hemoglobin is an example of a _______________.
protein
Glycogen has a ratio of 1 carbon for every 2 hydrogen, and one oxygen- it is an example of a ____________.
carbohydrate
A substance with a pH of 13 would be considered a(n) ____________________.
 
strong base
 
weak acid
 
strong acid
 
weak base
If a substance has a pH of 6, this substance would be considered a(n) ________________.
acid
____________ are special ___________ that speed up or slow down reactions.
 
Enzymes, proteins
 
Triglycerides, lipids
 
Proteins, Triglycerides
 
Enzymes, lipids
In macromolecules, _____________ determines their function
Structure
In a solution, what is the name for the substance that DOES the dissolving?
Solvent
What are the two parts of a solution?
Solute & Sovlent
Which of these examples is NOT made up of proteins?
 
cellulose
 
hair
 
enzymes
 
fingernails
Which of the following would NOT be an example of a carbohydrate?
 
sucrase
 
glucose
 
fructose
 
none of these
Which of the following would be an example of a base?
 
All of these
 
Shampoo
 
Drain Cleaner
 
Ammonia
Nucleic Acids are important for life because they __________________________.
Store genetic information/hold instructions for making proteins
_____________ are the building blocks of proteins.
Amino Acids
Tomato, lemon juice, & apple cider vinegar would all be examples of _________.
acids
What happens to the electrons in a COVALENT bond?
electrons are shared
Olive Oil would be an example of what type of macromolecule?
Lipid
Carbohydrates are made up of what three elements?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
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