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Which nail disease associated with the separation of the nail plate and bed due to injury or allergic reactions?
onycholysis
Which nail disorders shows symptoms of the nail turning a variety of colors, which may indicate surface staining, a systemic disorder, or poor blood circulation?
discolored nail
Which of the following nail disorders show signs of depressions running across the width of the nail plate due to a slowing production of matrix cells, which causes the nail plate to grow thinner and is usually the result of serious illness
Beau’s lines
___ is also known as athlete’s foot.
Tinea pedis
What is the relationship between nail cell production and plate growth?
The faster that nail cells are produced, the faster the plate will grow.
How would you compare fingernail and toenail growth?
Toenails are thicker than fingernails because the toenail matrix is longer.
Stephanie is pregnant. She is talking to her cosmetologist friend, Charlie, about how wonderful her prenatal vitamins have been for her hair and nail growth. What could Charlie tell Stephanie about her nail growth?
Nail growth rates accelerate during pregnancy whether she is taking prenatal vitamins or not.
What is the average rate of nail plate growth in normal adults per month?
1/10 to 1/8 inch per month
How would you compare the relationship between the matrix and the plate?
The length, width, and curvature of the matrix determine the thickness, width, and curvature of the plate.
Why must the hyponychium be treated gently?
If the hyponychium is damaged, an infection under the nail plate is possible.
What helps guide the nail plate along the nail bed as it grows?
bed epithelium
What is the living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows toward the free edge?
nail bed
What is the slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertip and the nail plate’s free edge?
paronychia
What is the visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin?
lunula
What is the water content of a healthy nail?
15 to 25 percent
The nail plate has approximately how many nail cell layers?
100
The proximal nail fold is the entire flap of skin that covers what?
the matrix
The lateral nail fold is also known as __ .
sidewalls
What part of the natural nail unit protects the tips of the fingers and toes?
nail plate
Angela is training to be a cosmetologist. While she is working on a client, her manager stops her because she’s about to clip too close to the eponychium. What might Angela have confused the eponychium for?
the nail cuticle
How long does it take for fingernail plates to be fully replaced?
4 to 6 months
How would you recommend clients make their plate grow thicker?
Nothing can make the nail plate grow thicker.
A dark band within the nail plate extending from the base to the free edge due to increased pigmentation is known as __.
melanonychia
Which type of nail has a noticeably thin, white nail plate and is more flexible than a normal nail?
Eggshell
The surface of a healthy natural nail should be ___.
Smooth and unspotted
As a person ages, parts of the nail matrix begin to permanently slow down production, causing __.
narrow grooves running down the length of the nail plate.
The skin that overlaps the side of the nail is called the ___.
sidewalls
The dead, colorless tissue attached to the natural nail plate is the ___.
cuticle
The lighter color of the __ shows the true color of the matrix.
lunula
The natural nail is composed mainly of a hard, fiber-shaped __.
Protein
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