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Chapter 12 7T History
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Segregation
The practice of separating people on the basis of race
Who were redeemers?
They were Southern Democrats who regain control of the Southern states from Republicans
Which of the following was not a part of the Freedman's Bureau?
Help Southern planters find new agricultural workers
Why did tenant farmers and sharecroppers end up deeply in debt?
They had to purchase supplies and food on credit
What arrangements did tenant farmers make with landowners in order to obtain the land they needed to raise crops?
Rent land from landowners, Borrow tools, seed and supplies from landowners, provide the owner a share of the crop for using the land
What was the greatest economic misfortune that faced confederate veterans who returned home after the civil war?
Insolvent banks
What was known as the solid south?
It was a voting of Democrats that didn't break for a century
What were the Jim Crow laws?
Laws that legally separated blacks from whites in daily life
What compromise was made between the North and the South after the election?
The Compromise of 1876. It helped give the South power and made it so that newly freed slaves had a hard time
How did Rutherford B. Hayes become President in 1876?
He won the election because of disputed votes and there were 20 of them
Who was Samuel J. Tilden?
He ran against Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and was a Democratic Governor of New York and in 1876 he won
Who were the Klu Klux Klan and what did they do?
Started 1866 in TN by Nathaniel Bedford Forrest leader & former confederate officer. Kept slaves from seeking their new freedoms. Intimidated all people
Who won the election of 1868?
General Grant and his opponent was Horatio Seymour and General Grant was republican and became the most corrupt President in history
Why was Johnson impeached and what was the outcome?
He was impeached because of high crimes and was found guilty
Who was Edwin Stanton and what happened to him?
He was a Secretary of War for Lincoln and Andrew Johnson was trying to remove him
What was the Tenure of Office Act?
It limited the President's powers to remove appointed people in the government
How did blacks view the carpetbag government in the South?
They saw it as a hope to get power in politics
What were the scalawags and carpetbaggers?
The carpetbaggers were North people who came South seeking fortune. The scalawags were Southern synthesizers
What was the Reconstruction Act of 1867?
An act that abolished the South's new state gov't & put it under military rule except TN. It divided the South into 5 different districts each having a general
What was the 15th amendment?
African Americans can vote
What was the 14th amendment?
Every American citizen has equal rights
What was the 13th amendment?
Abolish slavery
What were black codes?
Laws passed by Southern legislatures to curtail the freedoms of african americans
Who was Andrew Johnson?
He carried out Lincoln's reconstruction. He was a southerner, a former slave holder and he wanted to limit the rights of newly freed slaves.
Who killed Lincoln?
John Booth
What is a pocket veto?
It is when the President lets a Bill sit and die for 10 days
Who were the Radical Republicans and how did they want to carry on reconstruction?
Lincoln's opponents and Congress. They wanted the Wade Davis Bill of 1864 to require majority of voters to take an oath to the Union
What was Lincoln's plan for reconstruction?
To restore the Union and to offer amnesty to 10% of Congress state voters
How did this Bureau deal with education in the South?
It helped fund schools for slaves
What was the Freedman's Bureau?
A government agency created to help african americans adjust to their freedom
How did former slaves go about picking a last name?
Heros and slaveholder names and admired people were chosen names
Why did these farming systems cause southerners to fall into debt?
The interest on seeds, fertilizer, soil, etc. were raised 40%
How did these 2 types of farming cause depletion of the soil?
Only one type of crop was grown (cash crops)
How does Sharecroppers work?
The people who work the land share the crops
How did Tenant Farming work?
Landowners received portions of crops and it is renting
Why did many southerners lose their land?
They were in debt and taxes
What was the southern transportation and the plantation system after the war?
it was ruined because there was no slaves and no workforce
After the war, what condition was the southern government in?
Political, social, and economical disarray
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