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Chapter 15: Energy - Review and Practice
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Summarize the change in both wavelength and energy as you move from radio waves to gamma rays on the electromagnetic spectrum.
radio waves have long wavelength - therefore low frequency and low energy; gamma rays have short wavelengths - therefore high frequency and high energy
Using the image, describe at which end of the visible spectrum would you place RED? Which end would you place VIOLET?
RED - at the 'low energy end' of the visible spectrum (just after 'infraRED' and VIOLET - at the 'high end' of the visible spectrum (just before 'ultraVIOLET')
What color is the object in the image? How do you know?
Green - it is the only color reflected (not absorbed) by the object.
From what height would a 10 kg rock fall from if it had a gravitational potential energy is 18000 J.
PE = m•g•h , so: m = PE/m•g = 183 m
A 10 kg rock is dropped and hits the ground below at a speed of 60 m/s. Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the rock before it was dropped.
PE = KE = ½mv² = 18000 J
A 0.49 kg squirrel jumps from a tree branch that is 3.6 m high to the top of a bird feeder that is 1.5 m high. What is the change in gravitational potential energy of the squirrel?
PE (tree) = 17.3 J PE (feeder) = 7.2 J Change in PE = 10.1 J
A 4 kg cat is resting on top of a bookshelf that is 2 m high. What is the cat's gravitational potential energy relative to the floor?
PE = m•g•h = 78.4 J
A 12 kg sled is moving at a speed of 3.0 m/s. At which speed will the sled have about twice as much kinetic energy?
4.2 m/s
A small 30 kg canoe is floating downriver at a speed of 2 m/s. What is the canoe's kinetic energy?
KE = ½mv² = 60 J
What is the unit for ENERGY called?
Joule = (N • m ) = (kg•m/s² •m)
Infrared rays have shorter wavelength than ______.
radio waves
The visible light spectrum ranges between ________.
infrared and ultraviolet
The full range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation is called _____.
electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic waves with the highest frequency are _____.
gamma rays
Electromagnetic waves _____.
can travel through empty space
The law of conservation of energy states that _______.
energy cannot be created or destroyed
An example of conversion of gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy is ____.
a falling raindrop
Mechanical energy is _________.
the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of an object
Energy stored in bonds between atoms is what type of energy?
chemical
An example of electromagnetic energy is ______
sunlight
An example of an object having elastic potential energy is _______.
a stretched spring
If the speed of an object doubles, it's kinetic energy ______.
quadruples
The energy of a moving object is what type of energy?
kinetic