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Gravity, Kepler's Laws, and Orbit
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Calculate: Gravitational force between Earth and the Moon (Moon stats: orbital radius = 3.48 x 10^8 m; mass = 7.35 x 10^22 kg... & answer in 2 SF)
2.4 x 10^20 N
Calculate: Gravitational force between Jupiter and the Sun (answer in 2 SF)
4.2 x 10^23 N
Calculate: Gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun (answer in 2 SF)
3.5 x 10^22 N
Calculate: Period of a fictitious planet in Earth years that has an orbital radius of 6.7 x 10^12 m
300 years
Calculate: Period of a comet in Earth years that has an orbital radius 50 times the Earth's
400 years
Calculate: orbital velocity of Mercury in m/s
47,600 m/s
Calculate: orbital velocity of Earth in m/s
29,600 m/s
Calculate: velocity of gravitational waves in km.hr
1.08 x10^9 km/hr
Calculate: Orbital Period of Neptune in Earth days (answer in 2 SF)
59,000 days
Calculate: Orbital Period of Mars in Earth days (answer in 2 SF)
690 days
Calculate: Orbital Period of Mercury in Earth days (answer in 2 SF)
89 days
The orbit of a moon or satellite around a planet that is in the direction opposite to the planet's rotation.
retrograde orbit
an orbit of a satellite around a planet that is in the same direction as the rotation of the planet
prograde orbit
Any device that detects gravitational waves
Interferometer
A model of the universe in which Earth is at the center of the universe
Geocentric
Based on the belief that the sun is the center of the solar system
Heliocentric
the point in the orbit of a satellite most distant from Earth
Apogee
the point in the orbit of a satellite at which it is nearest to Earth
Perigee
The object that is orbiting around another in an orbital system
Satellite
The object being orbited in an orbital system
Primary
distance from the center of one object to the center of the object orbiting it
orbital radius
Point in a planets orbit where it farthest from the sun
Aphelion
Point in a planets orbit where it goes the fastest
Perihelion
Planets closer to the Sun have shorter orbital periods than planets further away
Kepler's 3rd Law
As a planet moves around its orbit, it sweeps out equal areas in equal times
Kepler's 2nd Law
Planets move around the Sun in an ellipse with the Sun at 1 foci
Kepler's 1st Law
The shape of a planetary orbit
Ellipse
The amount an ellipse deviates from a perfect circle
Eccentricity
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