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Atoms and Radiation
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How do we protect ourselves from ionising radiation when we go outside?
We wear suncream or cover our skins with clothes and hats.
What disease can be caused by exposure to too much ionising radiation?
Cancer
What element do humans absorb from the air when we breathe?
Oxygen
U and Pu are two elements used for generating electricity in nuclear power plants and satelites. What elements do the symbols 'U' and 'Pu' represent?.
Uranium and Plutonium
Each element has a different _____ number.
Atomic number (the number of protons)
Without these two particles, atoms would weigh almost nothing!
Neurtons and protons
These particles are useful in the form of electricity.
Electrons
These particles fly around the nucleus of the atom.
electrons
__ elements are created by cosmic ray interactions. Cosmic rays are high energy particles emitted from stars which travel at the speed of light.
3 (lithium, beryllium, and boron)
__________ is the most popular element in the universe. 75% of all matter is ______.
hydrogen
Beta radiation can be stopped by a thick m_____ wall.
Metal
Water or concrete can be used to stop ______ radiation.
Gamma
Air is made mostly of _______.
Nitrogen
All life on earth uses the element ______.
Carbon
2 hydrogen atoms and an oxygen atom can come together to make _____.
Water
The symbol He is for the element ______.
Helium
Some elements have been created by _______.
Scientists/people/humans
Most elements are created in _____ or _____ explosions.
stars or star explosions
Only hydrogen was created during the ____ ____.
Big bang (bang bang bang!)
C is the atomic symbol for ______.
Carbon
Neutrons have a ______ charge.
neutral
Protons are ________ly charged.
positive
Protons and Neutrons have an atomic mass of _____.
1
The atomic mass is the weight of all the _______ and _______ in an atom.
Protons and neutrons
_______ radiation is energy, and so is unaffected by magnets.
Gamma
Beta particles have a ______ charge.
negative
Alpha particles have a ______ charge.
positive
________ can be stopped by a piece of paper because they are heavy.
Alpha particles
The most dangerous type of ionising radiation is _______ radiation.
Gamma radiation.
When an electronic is given off by an unstable nucleus, it is known as a b____ p_____.
beta particle
A particle made of two protons and two neutrons and no electrons is known as an....
alpha particle
There are _____ types of atomic radiation.
three
If an element has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic mass of 12, how many neutrons does it have?
7
The atomic number tells us how many ______ and _____ the element has.
Protons and electrons
When the nucleus of an atom has too many protons and neutrons, it is un___ and r____.
unstable and radioactive
Electrons have a mass of almost _____.
zero
Everything in our world is either e_____ or a_____.
Energy or atoms (matter)
Most of the mass of an atom is located in the n_____
nucleus
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