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THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
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Dementia characterized by loss of neurons and synapses in the brain.
Alzheimer´s disease
Type of nervous system which is involved in voluntary muscle movements.
Somatic nervous system
Layers that surroud the brain and protect it.
Meninges
Cells whic produce the myelin cover
Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells
Protective layer found on some axons to transmit nerve impulses quicker.
Myelin cover
Name of the chemical messengers which are released by the presynaptic neuron
Neurotransmitters
Neural tissue is made of two types of cells:
Neurons and glial cells
Short branched projections that receive nerve impulses from other neurons
Dendrites
Gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron
Synaptic cleft
Star-shaped celss that transport nutrients to the neurons.
Astrocytes
It is divided into left and right hemispheres.
Cerebrum
Name of the nervous system which controls activities when you are stressed, in danger or physically active
Sympathetic nervous system
Name of the nervous system which connects the CNS with the organs, limbs and skin.
Peripheral nervous system
Colour of matter which is made of cells bodies, axon without myelin and dendrites.
Grey matter
It controls, for example, breathing, body temperature and sleeping:
The brain stem
Cells which remove cellular waste and give protection to the neurons
Microglia cells
Part os the nervous system which connects the brain to the PNS.
The spinal cord
It controls posturre and balance:
Cerebellum
Name of the neurons which send responses from the CNS to the effectors:
Motor neurons
The central nervous system is made of:
Brain and spinal cord
The longest part of a neuron that transmits nerves impulses away is called:
Axon
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