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STOCK EXCHANGE VOCABULARY REVIEW
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SOAR
Another word for rocket
ROCKET
A market whose shares are escalating rapidly in an unexpected way
RETREAT
Refers to the fall of a stock after a rise
PLUNGE
to collapse, to tumble
PLUMMET
To drop down, synonymous to plunge
SPECULATION
Carrying out a lot of short-term financial transactions in the expectation of making quick capital gains
LIQUIDITY
The ability to buy or sell assets quickly in large quantities
INVESTMENT
It’s buying or selling securities on the financial markets
INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
When a company decides to start selling its shares to the public
FLOATATION
Selling part of the company in the shape of shares, which are then traded
EARNINGS PER SHARE
It indicates the theoretical growth of a shareholder
DEBENTURE
It’s a fragment of debt raised by a company, a local authority or a state
COMMODITIES
It’s the trade, in large quantities of raw materials, and more generally basic materials, be they metals, agricultural, energy, etc.
BUY-OUT
It’s a financial scheme enabling the purchase of a company through a holding company
TRADE
Buying and selling on financial markets
STOCKHOLDER
A natural or legal person who holds shares in a company
STAKE
A financial contribution from one company to another
SECURITIES
Shares and stocks traded on the stock exchange
PORTFOLIO
A set of investments held by an investor
NEGOTIABLE
It's a security generally traded on the secondary market after being sold on the primary market
BIG BOARD
An informal term for New York Stock Exchange
ASSET
What is traded on the markets, such as shares, bonds, currencies or raw materials
ARBITRAGE
A transaction in which a security (or a line of securities) is sold to buy another security, considered to have a higher potential gain
TRUSTEE
Some organisations such as banks, investment companies, management companies, insurance companies
REPRESENTATIVE
Licensed professionals who trade in stocks and shares on behalf of investors
NEGOTIATOR
Carries out stock market transactions on behalf of its clients, who place investment orders with it.
SECTOR
A cluster of shares of the same corporation
RALLY
It's an increase following positive information, or a public feeling of trust
QUOTE
The latest share price information
HOLD OUT
As opposed to Support, it’s the level at which the highest price is stopped by sellers to delay the price increase
GOING LONG
Means having foreseen an upward trend for a financial asset
AVERAGING DOWN
When an investor takes advantage of a fall to buy more stocks
TARGET-DATE-FUND
Investments with target maturity dates that align with key goals in investors’ lives
STOCKS
Securities and titles
MARKET ORDER
It’s a request to buy or sell assets on the stock market. It can be sent directly to the financial market, or to an intermediary
MUTUAL FUND
It’s a financial instrument based on money raised from numerous investors for various securities and shares
SPREAD
A very sharp rise of a market
SLUMP
collapse
MARGIN
It’s the difference between the total value of one’s investment, and the value lent by one’s broker
LEVERAGE
Borrowing shares from a brokerage firm and to sell them at a higher price, then keeping the extra money
ISSUE
Increasing the number of shares in a company's share capital
DIVIDEND
The earnings a company equally shared among the shareholders in proportion to the number of shares they hold
EXPENSE RATIO
It's the percentage of the fund's assets that’s lost each year to pay the major bills
FLUCTUATE
Upward or downward changes in a market over a long-term study
PRICE-TO-EARNINGS RATIO
It compares the current price to earnings to determine whether the stock is overvalued or undervalued
BEAR MARKET
A period of time when the price is falling
BULL MARKET
A period of time when the price is rising
YIELD
The yearly income that a share provides, at a given moment, to its holder
SHORT SELLING
Selling a security you don't own to buy it back later
VOLATILITY
A stock that goes up and down quickly
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