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What does 'tentative' mean?
not definite or certain, and may be changed later:
What are PIREPs?
Reports sent by pilots who have recently flown through an area and can keep other crews informed of the changing weather conditions
Explain what slush is.
Snow that is starting to melt on the ground
What is the weather like if it is scorching?
very hot
Explain what drizzle is.
Very light rain
Explain what sleet is.
A mixture of rain and snow
Explain how a microburst is formed.
a shaft of fast-moving cold air that hits the earth from high up in the atmosphere, then explodes upwards and outwards.
Define "precipitation"
rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground
Name three surface wind currents.
doldrums, trade winds, westerlies, polar easterlies
Define surface wind currents.
Steady large- scale winds that blow in a particular area/ in given latitudes caused by changes in temperature and Coriolis effect
What is the amount of water vapor in the air?
humidity
Explain the greenhouse effect.
heat is trapped in the atmosphere by greenhouse gases.
Where can the protective ozon layer be found? What does it protect us against?
In stratosphere; against harmful sun radiation
What are tropopause folds?
places where cool air meets hot air 40o, 55o, 60-700
Name three characteristic features of troposphere.
laps rate - 6.5 0C/ 1000m; The thickness: 8km-16km; temperature: -50 to -80; All weather phenomena takes place there;
Why has ISA been established? (2)
to provide a common reference for standardization of aircraft performance (assessment, comparison) and is used by pilots to calibrate the flight instruments
What is ISA?
It is an atmospheric model of how different properties of the Earth's atmosphere change over a range of altitudes
What is the stratification of atmosphere based on?
Changes in temperature
What is the atmosphere made up of?
nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%) and other 1% of so called trace gases (argon, helium, water vapor, carbon dioxide…)
Define the atmosphere
a layer of gases up to 40-kilometer altitude that is kept to the Earth due to the gravity force


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