The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

Chytrids are common in lakes, ponds, and _______

Soil

These are the only fungi with flagellated spores and I thought to represent the earliest lineage of fungi?

Chytrids

________ Refer to any single celled fungus

Yeasts

A _______ Is any rapidly growing fungus that reproduce asexually by making spores

Mold

__________ _______ Use only asexual reproduction for sport production and include species commonly called molds and yeasts

Imperfect fungi

When the hyphae meet their _________ fuse

Cytoplasms

A ________ ________ Can develop that involves cells containing two genetically distinct haploid nuclei

Heterokaryotic stage

_________ are made either sexually or asexually

Spores

Mycorrhizae represent a symbiotic relationship between fungi and ___________

Plant root cells

Some fungi are _________

parasites (pathogenic roots)

Fungal _______ are surrounded by a cell wall made of chitin instead of cellulose

Hyphae

In most, the hyphae consist of chains of cells separated by _______ that have pores large enough to allow ribosomes, mitochondria, and nuclei to flow cell to cell

Cross-walls (septae)

Most ________ consist of a mass of threadlike hyphae making up a mycelium

Fungi

Fungi secrete powerful ________ to digest food externally

Enzymes

_______ are heterotrophic eukaryotes

Fungi

About ____ of angiosperms use animals to transfer the pollen

A. 90%

B. 80%

C. 99%

D. 70%

Seed dispersal mechanisms include? (Spread)

Wind, animals, edible fruits, water

Ovaries develop into

Fruit

Ovules develop into _______

Seeds

Pollination occurs when a pollen grains lands on the _________

Stigma

_________ house separate male and female gametophytes

Flowers

In gymnosperms, such as pines and other conifers, this structure is the ______

A. Cone

B. Spore

C. Seed

D. None of the above

The offspring of seedless plants are sent off into the world as haploid, ________ - ____ ______ that must survive independently as gametophytes before producing the next sporophyte generation

Single-called spores

Gymnosperms and angiosperms have ______ grains that carry their sperm producing cells through the air

Pollen

_____ and _______ are formed from marine organisms

Oil and natural gas

Call is formed from ________ plants

A. Seedless

B. Seeded

C. Both seeded and seedless

None of the above

What is an example of a fossil fuel?

A. All of the above

B. Coal

C. Oil

D. Natural gas

Seedless vascular plants dominated vest “coal forests”… when these plants died they formed _______ deposits that eventually formed _________

Peat, coal

Angiosperms are the most successful _________ plants

Terrestrial

Angiosperms evolved at least _____ million years ago and are flowering plants

A. 140

B. 120

C. 100

D. 150

Gymnosperms (do or do not) produce flowers? (They are a vascular seed plant)

Do not

Gymnosperms produce ________ pollen (Winged sperm)

Airborne

Gymnosperms have _______ seeds that are not produced in special chambers

Naked

The seedless vascular plants include?

A. Both B and C

B. Lycophytes (Including club Mosses)

C. Monilophytes (ferns and relatives)

D. None of the above

About _________ Million years ago, vascular plants evolved with ligning hardened vascular tissues.

425

About. _________ Million years ago, vascular plants evolved with ligning hardened vascular tissue

425

Bryophytes resemble other plants in having apical meristem’s and embryos retained on the parent plant but lack…?

True roots, true leaves, and lignified cell walls

What is an example of a bryophyte?

A. All of the above

B. Mosses

C. Liverworts

D. Hornworts

Early diversification of plants gave rise to seedless, nonvascular plants called?

A. Bryophytes

B. Chlorophytes

C. Flowers

D. None of the above

_________ Mark the angiosperm lineage

C. Flowers

A. Seeds

B. Soils

D. None of the above

________ Are found in a lineage that includes all living gymnosperms and angiosperms

A. Seeds

B. Spores

C. Sugars

D. A and B only

________ _______ _______ mark a lineage that gave rise to most living plants

Lignified vascular tissues

__________ embryos are present for plants

A. Dependent

B. Independent

C. Dead

D. Living

_________ adaptions for life on land distinguish the main lineages of the plant kingdom

A. Four key

B. Three key

C. Five key

D. Two key

The green algae ancestors of plants may have carpeted moist fringes of __________ and coastal salt marshes

A. Lakes

B. Rivers

C. Ponds

D. Oceans

___________ are thought to have evolved from common ancestors

B. Charophytes

A. Zygotes

C. Spores

D. Gametes

Pines and flowering plants have _______ grains, structures that contain the sperm producing cells

Pollen

Single cells that can grow into a new organism without fusing with another cell Are called?

A. Spores

B. Pollen

C. Zygotes

D. All of the above

Lifecycle involves an Alternation of a haploid generation that produces eggs and sperm and a diploid generation that produces spores in protective structures called?

Sporangia

Zygotes develops into an embryo while attached to and nourished by the parent plants called?

A. Embryophytes

B. Xylem

C. Phloem

D. lignin

What is a zygote?

C. Fertilized egg

A. A tissue

B. A cell wall

D. Lignin

Structures that keep plant cells moist are called

Gametangia

In all plants, the gametes and embryos must be kept _________

D. Moist

A. Dry

B. In sunlight

C. On land

The absence of lignified cell walls in some plants limits their _______?

A. Height

B. Color

C. Moisture

D. Sugar

The cell walls of some plant tissues are thickened and reinforced by chemical called?

Lignin

Phloem Consists of _______ cells and conveys ______

Living, sugar

Xylem (makes wood) and consists of _______ cells and conveys water and minerals

Dead

In many land plants, water and minerals move up from roots to stems and leaves using ________?

Vascular tissue

What are growth-producing regions of cell division that are found near the tips of stems and roots called?

Apical merisystems (Mitosis is happening here)

Which do land plants obtain?

A. All of the above

B. Water and minerals from roots in the soil

C. CO2 from the air

D. Sunlight through the leaves

Land plants maintain moisture in their cells using

Both A and B

A. A waxy cuticle

B. Cells that regulate the opening and closing of stomata

C. Sugars

Algae disperse the offspring by_____?

A. Water

B. Swimming

C. Receiving light

D. None of the above

Unlike land plants, algae all use Flagellated sperm that swim to fertilize and _______?

Egg

Unlike land plants, algae receive light and perform photosynthesis over most of their _______?

A. Body

B. Soil

C. Water

D. Air

Unlike land plants, algae are supported by surrounding?

A. Water

B. Soil

C. Air

D. All of the above

Unlike land plants, algae.....?

A. Generally have no rigid tissues

B. Generally have no Tissues

C. Generally have rigid tissues

D. None of the above

What is the name of this plant that Thrived in Devonian, about 400 million years ago?

Rhynia

Which answer best describes a disadvantage to plant life on land?

D. All of the above

A. Reproduce and disperse offspring without water

B. Anchor their bodies to soil

C. Obtain resources from soil and air

___________ must support their body in a non- buoyant medium?

Plants

True or false….plants must maintain moisture inside their cells to avoid desiccation And is a disadvantage to plant life on land

True

Life on land offered many opportunities for Plant adoptions that took advantage of?

A. All of the above

B. Abundant CO2

C. Initially if you pathogens or herbivores

D. Unlimited sunlight

True or false…Some species of plants accumulated adaptions then enabled them to live permanently above the water?

true

All green algae (Chlorophyta) and plants share a common revolutionary ancestor. They both contain the photo synthetic pigments ____________ and ____________?

Chlorophyll A and chlorophyll B

What is a Chara?

An elaborate charophyte

What is a Coleochaete?

A simple Charophyte

What have complex multicellular bodies and are photosynthetic cukaryotes?

Charophytes

What are plants and green algae called?

Charophytes