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Cell Transport Common Assessment
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What may happen to a person who has too little cholesterol in the cell membranes?
At low temperatures, the cell membrane will become rigid. At high temperatures, the cell membrane will be too fluid. Less structure without cholesterol.
Why is the cell membrane called the fluid mosaic model?
"Mosaic" = many small components. "Fluid" = lateral movement.
Describe two roles of proteins in the cell membrane
Channel proteins for cell transport. Glycoproteins for cell recognition.
The following pictures are examples of which of the following?
 
Active transport
 
Osmosis
 
Diffusion
 
Facilitated diffusion
Endocytosis moves materials _______ a cell via _________
 
Into; membranous vesicles
 
Into; facilitated diffusion
 
Out of; facilitated diffusion
 
Out of; membranous vesicles
In a hypertonic solution, an animal cell will
Shrivel up
In a hypotonic solution, an animal cell will
Swell or burst
Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by
 
Diffusion
 
Active transport
 
Phagocytosis
 
Osmosis
The interior of the phospholipid bilayer is
 
Hydrophobic
 
Hydrophilic
 
Composed of fatty acids
 
Water
White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process?
 
Phagocytosis
 
Exocytosis
 
Pinocytosis
 
Osmosis
The membrane activity most nearly opposite to exocytosis is
 
Phagocytosis
 
Osmosis
 
Facilitated diffusion
 
Active transport
What are the membrane structures that function in active transport?
 
Proteins
 
Phospholipids
 
Cholesterol
 
Carbohydrates
You are a biochemist making a new drug. For the drug to work, it must enter the cytoplasm of specific cells. Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines whether the molecule enters the cell?
 
Lipid composition of the target cells' plasma membrane
 
Size of the drug molecule
 
Polarity of the drug molecule
 
Charge on the drug molecule
All of the following processes take materials into the cell except
 
Exocytosis
 
Pinocytosis
 
Endocytosis
 
Facilitated diffusion
All of the following membrane activities require energy from ATP hydrolysis except
 
Facilitated diffusion
 
Active transport
 
Na+ ions moving out of the cell
 
Phagocytosis
The solutions in the arms of the U-tube are separated at the bottom of the tube by a selectively permeable membrane. The membrane is permeable to water but not to the dots. What is the change in the picture due to?
 
Osmosis
 
Diffusion
 
Facilitated diffusion
 
Endocytosis
The movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration gradient with the help of energy input is
Active transport
A cell whose cytoplasm has a concentration of 0.02M glucose is places in a test tube of water containing 0.02M glucose. Which of the following describes the tonicity of the external solution relative to the cytoplasm of the cell?
Isotonic
Celery stalks are immersed in fresh water for several hours and become stiff and hard. Similar stalks left in salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that the cells of the celery stalks are
 
hypotonic to fresh water but hypertonic to salt solution
 
isotonic with fresh water but hypotonic to salt solution
 
hypertonic to both fresh water and salt water
 
hypotonic to both fresh water and salt water
A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. Equal to the blood volume lost, the patient is given distilled water. What will be the most probable result of this diffusion?
 
RBCs will swell - blood fluid is hypotonic
 
RBCs will shrivel - blood fluid is hypertonic
 
RBCs will burst - blood fluid is hypertonic
 
RBCs will shrivel - blood fluid is hypotonic
Which of the following statements is correct about diffusion?
 
a passive process that follows high to low concentration
 
it is very rapid over long distances
 
it requires an expenditure of energy by the cell
 
an active process that follows low to high concentration
The selective permeability of biological membranes is dependent on which of the following?
 
the type of transport proteins that are present
 
the types of carbohydrates on the surface of the membrane
 
the number of mitochondria in the cell
Which of the following would likely move through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?
 
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
 
amino acids
 
starch
 
K+ (potassium ion)
What kinds of molecules pass through the cell membrane most easily?
 
small and nonpolar
 
larger and nonpolar
 
small and polar
 
large and polar
According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes, which of the following is a true statement about membrane phospholipids?
 
they can move laterally along the plane of the membrane
 
they frequently flip-flop from one side to another
 
they occur in an uninterrupted bilayer
 
they have hydrophilic tails in the interior of the membrane
The presence of cholesterol in the plasma membranes of some animals
 
lets the membrane stay fluid when cell temperature drops
 
makes the membrane less flexible for sustaining pressure
 
makes the animal more susceptible to circulatory disorders
 
enables the membrane to more easily break down fats
All of the following molecules are part of the cell membrane except
 
Nucleic acids
 
Lipids
 
Proteins
 
Phosphate groups
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