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Chapter 8 Syntax
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7.Which of the following expressions would be generated by this phrase structure rule: NP → {Art (Adj) N, Pro, PN}?
(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), but not (f) because it is a sentence, not just a noun phrase.
8. What kind of generative rule is this: N → {girl, dog, boy}?
a lexical rule
9. Do phrase structure rules represent deep structure or surface structure?
Deep structure
Complete the following tree diagrams.
NP, VP,NP,Art, Adj,N
Complete the following tree diagrams.
N, V, Pro
3. Is the following expression is structurally or lexical ambiguous in what way? (f) The students complained to everyone that they couldn’t understand.
structurally ambiguous,(f) the students complained that they couldn’t understand to everyone OR the students complained to everyone whom they couldn’t understan
3. Is the following expression is structurally or lexical ambiguous in what way? (e) Flying planes can be dangerous.
structurally ambiguous, because it can mean (e) planes that are flying OR being the person who flies planes
3. Is the following expression is structurally or lexical ambiguous in what way? (d) We met an English history teacher.
structurally ambiguous, because it can mean a teacher of English history OR a person from England who teaches history
3. Is the following expression is structurally or lexical ambiguous in what way? (c) How come a bed has four legs, but only one foot?
lexical ambiguous, based on different meanings for “legs” and “foot.
3. Is the following expression is structurally or lexical ambiguous in what way? (b) The parents of the bride and groom were waiting outside.
structurally ambiguous, because it can mean parents of the bride and (the parents of the) groom OR parents of the bride and (the) groom (without his parents)
3. Is the following expression is structurally or lexical ambiguous in what way? (a) These are designed for small boys and girls.
structurally ambiguous, because it can mean “for small boys and (all) girls” OR “for small boys and small girls.”
2. What is wrong with the following rule of English syntactic structure? “A prepositional phrase rewrites as a preposition followed by a noun.”
produces both grammatical structures (near London) and ungrammatical structures (*near tree), which is not a well-formed English structure
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