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What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 2s orbital?
 
2
 
8
 
6
 
3
If Argon is a noble gas and its atomic number is 18, how many electrons can be found in the valence level?
 
8
 
18
 
6
 
36
Which of the following statements is true?
 
Valence electrons are in the outermost shell
 
The energy of electrons decreases with increasing distance
 
Electrons removed from atoms always increase the stability
 
Electrons circle the nucleus like Earth around the Sun
All of the following statements are true, EXCEPT _____.
 
sugars are found only in plants
 
starch is composed of amylopectin and amylose
 
pasta and cereals are good sources of carbohydrates
 
mammals store carbohydrates in the form of glycogen
Which set of functional groups is always found in sugars?
 
Hydroxyl groups and ethers.
 
Amines and alcohols.
 
Ethers and carboxylic acids.
 
Ethers and amines.
Carlos just finished an exhausting workout. Which of the following carbohydrates can be readily used by his body as a source of fuel?
 
Glucose
 
Dietary fiber
 
Cellulose
 
Any kind of polysaccharide.
Proteins are biological molecules made of _____.
 
amino acids
 
nucleotides
 
sugars
 
glycerol
What atoms are connected by a peptide bond?
 
Carbonyl carbon and amino group nitrogen
 
Carbonyl carbon and carbonyl oxygen
 
Side chain groups
 
Amine nitrogen and another amine nitrogen
Proteins in our skin, hair, and nails are called what?
 
Structural proteins
 
Transport proteins
 
Regulatory proteins
 
Storage proteins
Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical bond?
 
Polar ionic bond
 
Polar covalent bond
 
Ionic bond
 
Covalent bond
Which of the following type of bond normally forms between two non-metal atoms?
 
Covalent
 
Plastic
 
Metallic
 
Ionic
What is the definition of a chemical?
 
Two or more atoms connected together by chemical bonds
 
A material containing ionic bonds only
 
A material containing only non-metals
 
two or more molecules connected together by chemical bonds
Which of the following roles do lipids NOT play in our bodies?
 
Generate heat
 
Store energy
 
Act as hormones
 
Make up part of our cell membranes
Why does soap remove grease from pans when we wash dishes?
 
Part of the soap is polar and part is non-polar
 
Soap molecules react with fats to break up fat blobs.
 
Soap sends a chemical message to fats to break up fat blobs
 
The whole soap molecule is non-polar, so it breaks apart fat
All of the following statements are true about lipids, EXCEPT that _____.
 
all lipids are fats
 
lipids are good at storing energy
 
lipids are biological molecules that are insoluble in water
 
steroid hormones like testosterone are lipids
In covalently bonded molecules, oxidation and reduction are determined by:
 
uneven sharing of electrons
 
enzymes and coenzymes
 
products that are synthesized
 
reactants that are broken down
The reactant in a redox reaction that readily donates electrons is called a/an:
 
reducing agent
 
coenzyme
 
redox agent
 
dehydrogenase
A redox reaction can easily be explained as:
 
transferring electrons between reactants
 
forming a bond by sharing electrons
 
the breakdown of glucose in cells
 
an attraction between opposite charges
Hydrogen bonds occur between hydrogen in one polar molecule and _____ in another polar molecule. I. Oxygen II. Fluorine III. Nitrogen
 
I, II, and III
 
I and II only
 
III only
 
II only
A hydrogen bond is _____.
 
an intermolecular force
 
a paramolecular force
 
an intramolecular force
 
a perimolecular force
A polar molecule, such as the one involved in a hydrogen bond, is sometimes called _____.
 
a dipole
 
a tripole
 
simply, hydrogen
 
a covalent bond
Which of the following properties helps explain why a city near the Pacific Ocean experiences less dramatic changes in temperature during the day compared to a city farther inland?
 
Water has a high specific heat.
 
Water has high surface tension.
 
Water forms covalent bonds
 
Water has a low specific heat.
Water's ability to move against gravity in a narrow space, such as a tube, is called:
 
Capillary action.
 
Hydrogen bonding.
 
Osmosis.
 
Cohesion.
Why is solid water (ice) less dense than liquid water?
 
The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are spaced out.
 
Liquid water does not form hydrogen bonds.
 
It is actually more dense.
 
Hydrogen bonds are not able to be formed.
If only one type of atom makes up a substance, what can you call this substance?
 
an element
 
a compound
 
a neutron
 
a proton
Particles that are found in the atomic nucleus are:
 
Protons and neutrons
 
Protons, neutrons and electrons
 
Neutrons and electrons
 
Protons and electrons
What does the atomic number represent?
 
number of protons
 
number of neutrons
 
total number of protons and neutrons
 
total number of electrons and protons combined
Lactose is composed of a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule, therefore, lactose is classified as a _____.
 
disaccharide
 
trisaccharide
 
polysaccharide
 
monosaccharide
When a protein makes it easier for a biological reaction to happen, it is acting as _____.
 
an enzyme
 
a messenger
 
a structural protein
 
a transporter


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