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Name 2 types of mallet percussion.
marimba, vibraphone, xylophone, glockenspiel, metallophone, etc.
Name 3 types of pitched percussion.
timpani, mallet percussion, chimes, etc.
Name 3 types of unpitched percussion.
maracas, claves, drums, bongos, tambourines, guiro, etc.
What are the two main types of percussion?
pitched and unpitched
What are the three ways percussion instruments are played?
shaking, scraping, or hitting
What "sliding" effect is the trombone known for?
glissando
In addition to buzzing their lips at different speeds, how do the trumpet, French horn, and tuba all change the pitch?
pressing down the valves of the instrument
Which member of the brass family plays the lowest?
tuba
Besides buzzing their lips at different speeds, how does a trombone player change the pitch on their instrument?
by moving the slide in and out
Where does a French horn player put their right hand when playing their instrument?
inside the bell of the instrument
Which instrument of the brass family plays the highest?
trumpet
When brass players buzz their lips faster, does the pitch get higher or lower?
higher
How do brass instruments produce sound?
Players buzz their lips into the mouthpiece to create vibrations, which resonate through the tubing of the instrument.
What instrument is this?
claves
What instrument is this?
tubular bells (chimes)
What instrument is this?
marimba
What instrument is this?
timpani
What instrument is this?
tuba
What instrument is this?
French horn
What instrument is this?
trombone
What instrument is this?
trumpet
What woodwind playing technique causes two pitches to sound at the same time?
multiphonic
What woodwind playing technique is achieved by rolling your tongue?
flutter-tonguing
What playing technique do certain instrumentalists use to take a breath while continuing to play their instrument?
circular breathing
Which instruments use a single reed?
clarinets and saxophones
Which woodwind instruments do NOT use a reed?
flute, piccolo, recorder
Name at least 2 instruments that use a double reed.
oboe, bassoon, contrabassoon, English horn
What characteristics must an instrument have to be considered a woodwind?
The sound starts with a player's breath, and the instrument has tone holes to modify the pitch.
What are these?
double reeds
What instrument is this?
recorder
What is this?
single reed
What are thin pieces of cane used by certain woodwind players that vibrate when players blow air over it?
reeds
What instrument is this?
contrabassoon
What instrument is this?
(Check)
What instrument is this?
(Check)
What instrument is this?
(Check)
What instrument is this?
(Check)
What instrument is this?
(Check)
What instrument is this?
(Check)
What instrument is this?
(Check)
What instrument is this?
oboe
What instrument is this?
bassoon
What instrument is this?
English horn
What instrument is this?
alto saxophone
What instrument is this?
tenor saxophone
What instrument is this?
baritone saxophone
What instrument is this?
clarinet
What instrument is this?
bass clarinet
What instrument is this?
soprano saxophone
What instrument is this?
piccolo
What instrument is this?
flute
What is the correct position for playing the double bass?
standing or sitting on a tall stool, played vertically
What is the correct position for playing the cello?
sitting, cello resting between the knees, played vertically
What is the correct position for playing the viola?
resting on the left shoulder, left hand supporting the neck, jaw on the chin rest
What is the correct position for playing the violin?
resting on the left shoulder, left hand supporting the neck, jaw on the chin rest
What is this part of a string instrument called?
chin rest
What is this part of a string instrument called?
neck
What is this part of a string instrument called?
body
What are these parts of a harp called?
pedals
What are these parts of a harp called?
tuning pins
What is this part of a harp called?
soundboard
What is this part of a string instrument bow called?
frog
What is this part of a string instrument called?
bow
What is this part of a string instrument called?
fine tuners
What is this part of a string instrument called?
endpin
What is this part of a string instrument called?
bridge
What is this part of a string instrument called?
fingerboard
What are these parts of a string instrument called?
tuning pegs
What is this part of a string instrument called?
scroll
Which harp playing technique is commonly used to achieve a "heavenly" sound and involves rapidly playing a series of strings?
glissando
Which harp playing technique means "whisper" in Italian and involves alternating both hands rapidly on the instrument?
bisbigliando
Which harp playing technique means "near the table" in French and involves playing close to the soundboard?
prés de la table (p.d.l.t.)
How does a string instrument produce sound?
The string vibrates, and the vibrations resonate throughout the body/soundboard of the instrument.
What does a mute do?
dampens vibrations of an instrument and lowers the volume
Which strings playing technique involves playing close to the bridge and creates a steely sound?
ponticello
Which strings playing technique involves moving the bow back and forth rapidly across the strings to create a "trembling" sound?
tremolo
What is the cello's role in the orchestra?
filling in whatever is needed (melody, harmony, or bass)
What is the double bass's role in the orchestra?
low, bass notes/foundational harmony
What is the viola's role in the orchestra?
middle notes/harmony
What is the violin's role in the orchestra?
high notes/melody
What is a rapid, slight variation (or wobble) in pitch that adds richness to a tone?
vibrato
What is a concertmaster's job?
tune the orchestra, play solos, determine bowings for the string section, act as a liaison between the conductor and the orchestra
Which member of the orchestra is the concertmaster?
the principal first violinist
What does it mean to be the principal player of a section?
first chair/lead player in the section
Which strings playing technique means "with the wood" in Italian and involves using the stick portion of the bow on the strings?
col legno
Which instrument of the orchestra has two sections?
violin
What genre of music (other than classical) is the double bass commonly associated with?
jazz
Which strings playing technique involves using the bow?
arco
What are the pedals on a harp used for?
to change the key
How many strings does a harp have?
47
How many strings do the violin, viola, cello, and double bass have?
4
What are the four core string instruments of the orchestra?
violin, viola, cello, and double bass
Name at least 3 styles of music that string instruments play.
classical, country, bluegrass, jazz, pop, rock, etc.
True or False: The harp is a relatively new instrument.
False
What strings playing technique is created by plucking the strings?
pizzicato
What material is an instrument bow usually strung with?
Horse hair
What type of wood is the fingerboard of most orchestral string instruments made out of?
ebony
What type of wood is the body of orchestral string instruments usually made out of?
maple or spruce
Does the double bass play higher or lower than the cello?
lower
Does the cello play higher or lower than the double bass?
higher
Does the double bass play higher or lower than the viola?
lower
Does the viola play higher or lower than the double bass?
higher
Does the double bass play higher or lower than the violin?
lower
Does the violin play higher or lower than the double bass?
higher
Does the cello play higher or lower than the viola?
lower
Does the viola play higher or lower than the cello?
higher
Does the cello play higher or lower than the violin?
lower
Does the violin play higher or lower than the cello?
higher
Does the violin play higher or lower than the viola?
higher
Does the viola play higher or lower than the violin?
lower
True or false: Violins come in different sizes.
True
What instrument is this?
harp
What instrument is this?
double bass
What instrument is this?
cello
What instrument is this?
viola
What instrument is this?
violin
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