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Santiago- Classification of living things
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How do amphibians' eating habits change as they age?
tadpoles are herbivores and adults are carnivores
Fill in the blanks: tadpoles breathe through ____ and adults breathe through their _____ and _____
gills; wet skin, lungs
Where does fertilisation take place in amphibians? What are babies called?
In eggs, outside of the female. Babies are called tadpoles
What are fins?
fish limbs!
Fill in the blanks: Fish breathe through their ____, and most of them have a _____ that helps them to float or sink
gills; swim bladder
How do reptiles breathe?
through their lungs
Are reptiles aquatic, terrestrial, or both?
terrestrial
What are the five groups of vertebrate animals?
mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish
What are birds' skin covered with?
feathers
How do mammals breathe?
through their lungs
Are birds viviparous or oviparous?
oviparous
What are viviparous animals?
Animals that grow offspring inside their bodies
What are sori?
the small bumps on the underside of fern leaves, which make spores
What is germination?
When the fruit of a fertilised pistil falls from the plant, and begins to grow into a new plant
What happens during plant fertilisation?
Grains of pollen enter the pistil and join the ovule
What process takes place if a bird moves pollen from one place to another?
pollination
What are the four steps plants take to produce seeds?
pollination, fertilisation, fruit formation, and germination
Where is pollen produced?
in the round sacs in flower stamens
What are a flower's reproductive organs? Which is female and which is male?
the PISTIL is female, the STAMENS are male
What part of plant respiration only happens during the daytime?
photosynthesis
Fill in the blank: Plants breathe through all their parts, but only the ______ are involved in photosynthesis
leaves
What do plants produce during photosynthesis?
oxygen
What is the green substance in plant leaves that catch sunlight?
chlorophyll
What is xylem sap? How is it transported?
a mix of water and mineral salts used during photosynthesis. It is transported through the stem to the leaves via xylem vessels.
What is the process in which plants make their own food?
photosynthesis
What nutrients do plants get from the soil? How do they get it?
Plants get water and mineral salts from the soil through their roots
What nutrients do plants get from the AIR? How do they get it?
Plants get carbon dioxide from the air through their leaves?
TRUE or FALSE: grasses & herbs normally live longer than trees
FALSE! Grasses and herbs only live for a few months, while trees can live for many years
Do grasses and herbs have WOODY or NON-WOODY stems?
non-woody
put in order from SMALLEST to LARGEST: trees, grasses & herbs, shrubs
grasses & herbs (smaller), shrubs (medium-sized), trees (large)
can plants move?
NOPE!
What are the three main parts of plants?
the stem, leaves, and roots
What are hyphae?
long branching filaments that make up multicellular fungi
What are the five kingdoms of life?
fungi, plant, animal, monera and protists
What are pathogens?
harmful bacteria that can cause disease
Are bacteria harmful or beneficial? Give examples
Both! Bacteria in yogurts and medicines help humans with digestion and other functions. Some bacteria cause disease, like meningitis.
What are moulds? Where do they grow?
Moulds are a sign of decomposition and decay. They grow on
How do fungi reproduce?
They reproduce with spores, which grow to make mushrooms
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