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King Cotton and the Increase of Slavery
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What was a stationmaster?
Someone in a safe house helping the runaway slave.
Why did runaway slaves often look for the moss on trees?
It usually grew on the north side of the tree's trunk so it would guide them north.
Why did escaping slaves often travel by rivers and streams?
Dogs could not track their scent.
What was the major crop in the upper South ( ex. in Kentucky and Virginia) other than cotton.
Tobacco
What was the Fugitive Slave Act?
Citizens could not aid escaped slaves (or they would face punishments).
What white group in the south was against slavery?
The poorest farmers (subsistence farmers).
What was the "Second Middle Passage"?
The internal slave trade within the U.S.
What was the 1807 piece of legislation that changed the slave trade?
The Importation Ban on Slavery.
What was the Middle Passage?
The Atlantic Slave Trade
What was the name of Frederick Douglass's first newspaper?
The North Star
True or False. Frederick Douglass was a slave in Georgia before he escaped to the north.
False
What is "emancipation"?
Freedom
True or False. The American Anti-Slavery Society believed in any method necessary, even violence, to end slavery.
False
What is the meaning of these "code words": "conductor", "station", "Moses", "drinking gourd"?
guide, safe houses (barns etc.), Harriet Tubman, the big dipper
Who was Harriet Tubman?
A former slave who helped many slaves escape on the Underground Railroad.
What was the Underground Railroad?
An informal network of abolitionists that helped slaves escape to freedom.
Who was William Lloyd Garrison? What did he do?
A white Massachusetts who wanted immediate abolition. He published "The Liberator".
What was the colonization movement? How did most African Americans feel?
Removing African Americans to Africa. Most AA's saw themselves as Americans and did not want to live in Africa.
What religious group said that slavery was an unChristian practice.
Quakers
What is abolition?
End to slavery.
What was Nat Turner's Rebellion? Describe event and consequence.
Virginia slave Nat Turner and his followers killed 60 white people to escape. Whites killed at least 120 innocent African Americans and increased restrictions.
How did slaves show resistance?
Some ways included: setting fire to barns, disrupting plantations, hurting the crops, or pretending they were sick.
What did folktales do for the slaves?
It helped them express their dignity and humanity; some were moral fables.
What was most slaves' religion?
A combination of Christian beliefs and traditional African practices.
What was a slave auction?
The place where slaves were put on display and often prodded while buyers bid on them.
True or False. A slaveholder was not allowed to break up a slave family.
False.
What were "slave codes"? Give two of them
Slaves could not: testify against whites in court, travel without authorization, hit a white person, carry a gun etc.
What are three legal restrictions that white southerners created for free African Americans?
could not: vote, carry guns, travel without a pass, speak at public meetings, learn to write
True or False. There was no manufacturing in the South at this time.
False.
True or False. Most small farmers in the South supported slavery even if they didn't have any.
True.
What was the largest group in white southern society?
The small farmers.
What does the "big house" refer to?
The planter's house (on the plantation)
Who were the "planters" in the south?
Plantation owners who had 20 or more slaves.
What legislation in 1807 led to the increase of the American-born slave trade?
The Importation Ban (Africans could no longer be legally taken for slavery)
In what way could it be argued that Northerners benefited from slavery?
Northern textile manufacturing needed the cotton from the south and southern planters used slaves as labor.
What was the "cotton belt"?
A large agricultural region in the south that primarily grew cotton.
True or False. The availability of cotton helped the norther textile industry.
True
Did the cotton gin lead to an increase or decrease in slave demand?
Increase
Who invented the cotton gin?
Eli Whitney
What was the cotton gin?
A machine that separated the cotton seeds from the fibers.
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