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Fahrenheit, Celcius, and Kelvin all invented a different scale to measure the same thing. What were they measuring?
Temperature.
On Kelvin's temperature scale, what did he call -273 degrees Celcius?
Absolute zero.
Explain the process of melting using the particle model.
When heated, the particles gain energy, move more quickly, and pull further apart. With enough energy, they escape from the solid and change into a liquid.
What do we call the temperature at which a solid melts?
The melting point.
What is the change in state of matter during melting?
solid + heat = liquid
What do we call the temperature at which a liquid boils?
The boiling point.
What is the boiling point of pure water?
100 degrees Celcius.
What is transpiration?
It is when water evaporates from the leaves of plants.
How does evaporated water get back to Earth?
It falls as rain or snow.
What are formed when water vapour condenses?
Clouds.
Where in the water cycle does evaporation happen?
Rivers, lakes, seas, and plants.
Explain the process of condensation.
When gas particles cool down and lose energy they change into a liquid.
What is condensation?
It is when a gas changes to a liquid.
What happens to the solute when it is stirred into a solvent?
It dissolves.
What do we get when we mix a solute and a solvent?
A solution.
Give an example of a solvent that we use everyday.
water.
Give an example of a solute.
salt, sugar, coffee powder (any solid that can be dissolved)
Name two ways that evaporation is useful.
Drying our hair, drying our clothes, making some kinds of food.
Name two factors that speed up evaporation.
wind and heat.
Explain the process of evaporation.
It happens because some particles in the liquid gain heat energy making them move faster and further apart until they escape from the surface of the liquid.
What is evaporation?
It is when a liquid turns into a gas.
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