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CH 36- Orthopedics
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What is some equipment used during an orthopedic exam?
measuring tape, blood pressure cuff and stethoscope.
What are the two main kinds of joints?
Nonsynovial joints and synovial joints
How are bones generally categorized?
Shape- long, short, flat, rounded or irregular
What is the living tissue that is constantly being remodeled in response to injury or stress?
Bone
T/F: An air cast is a permanent cast that is inflated around the limb to immobilize it
False, it is a temporary cast.
Who or what recommends precautions for the electrical heating pads?
The FDA
What are 4 examples of ambulatory devices?
Crutches, walkers, canes and wheelchairs
What does ROM stand for?
Range of motion
Why are heating pads often used at home ?
No concern for correct technique
T/F: Heat application is an excellent therapeutic modality, but it shouldn't be used with caution.
False, it must be used with caution to prevent overheating and burning of surface tissues.
What happens to the affected area when a cold application is placed?
Reduce the blood supply to the area and exert a numbing effect on sensory nerve endings. Can help control bleeding, prevent further swelling and reduce pain.
T/F: Physical treatment methods are called modalities.
True
What are the 4 different specialized imaging techniques used for radiology?
-
What is the tool used for measuring the joints?
-
What are 2 key elements in treating Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Rest and exercise
T/F: When assisting the physician in an orthopedic examination, the affected side should be examined first
False: The unaffected side should be examined first, then the affected side and the two are compared.
What are four of the criteria that must be met to diagnose Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?
malar rash, discoid rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, arthritis, serositis, renal, neurologic, hematologic, immunologic disorder, antinuclear bodies
What are three risk factors of Gout?
Kidney disease, consumption of alcohol, obesity, untreated hypertension, family history of the disease
T/F: Erythema migrans occurs in patients with infectious arthritis.
False, It is a sign of Lyme disease.
What do you need to include in your daily diet for good musculoskeletal health?
Vitamin E and Calcium
What does the acronym RICE stand for?
rest, ice, compression, elevation
What is one of the leading causes of time lost from work & visits to primary care physicians & ER?
Trauma to musculoskeletal system
T/F: Osteomalacia is caused by a lack of Vitamin B
False, Vitamin D
What are 3 things that can cause a spasm?
Dehydration, heavy exercise, muscle/fatigue, hypothyroidism, lack of calcium/magnesium, kidney failure, alcoholism
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