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Topic 6: 1st and 2nd language acquisition
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What is a major difference between L1 and L2 acquisition?
Age of initiation and exposure context
What does constructivism emphasise?
Learners constructing their own knowledge
Name Krashen's main theories
Acquisition-learning, Natural Order, Monitor, Input, Affective folter
What do cognitivists believe learners do?
Figure out the L2 using cognitive skills
What is “positive transfer”?
Using similarities between L1 and L2
What do behaviourists believe language learning is based on?
Imitation and habit formation
Who said cognitive development determines language development?
Piaget
What neurological process supports the Critical Period idea?
Brain lateralisation
What does “learning” refer to?
A conscious process of studying vocabulary and grammar
What does “acquisition” mean?
Developing ability in a language naturally through communication
Which teaching approach does Krashen’s theory strongly support?
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Which theory by Krashen aligns with UG principles?
The Monitor Theory
What does Universal Grammar relate to?
The innate language faculty of children
Who introduced Universal Grammar (UG)?
Noam Chomsky
Which learning theory combined with structural linguistics created the audio-lingual method?
Behaviourist learning theory
What approach in linguistics contributed to the audio-lingual method?
Structural linguistics
What is linguistics considered to be?
The study of language as a system of human communication
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