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The hip bones in a whale are examples of _________________ structures.
Vestigial
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures. These are known as
Homologous Structures
A characteristic of different organisms that have similar function but not necessarily the same structure and did not come from the same common ancestor
Analogous Structure
An example of a Homologous molecule
Answers vary: DNA, RNA, Protein, Cytochrome C
Selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation among different organisms
Artificial Selection
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
Fitness
The process by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments
Convergent Evolution
A species splits into two or more descendant species, resulting in once similar or related species to become more and more dissimilar.
Divergent Evolution
Blind cave animals that still have eyes are an example of
Vestigial structures
Give an example of human vestigial structure
Answers Vary - paranasal sinuses, wisdom teeth, tail bone, yolk sac, 3rd eyelid
This is the study within biology that looks at where organisms live(d) past/present
Biogeography
This is the mechanism for evolution as proposed by Charles Darwin
Natural Selection
True/False - We can observe changes in life forms by observing the fossil record
TRUE
True/False - Many animals have vestigial structures from an ancestor.
TRUE
True/False - many animals have analogous structures due to common ancestry
FALSE (homologous)
This is a trait that makes an organism more suited to its environment
Adaptation
This picture is showing an example of
Homologous structures
Explain the image
Answers vary - comparative embryology
The process of change in a species over time is called
Evolution
Overproduction, variation, adaptation, and _____________ - are the 4 conditions for natural selection to occur
Fitness
If species do not evolve, they go __________________ .
Extinct
To understand evolutionary relationships, scientists these days mostly look at _____________.
DNA


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