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Acoustic phonetics and psychoacoustics
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A sound wave that repeats itself at regular intervals is considered:
 
Periodic
 
Aperiodic
 
Random
 
Transient
The psychological perception of frequency is:
 
Pitch
 
Timbre
 
Loudness
 
Duration
The Fletcher–Munson curves represent:
 
Equal loudness contours
 
Resonance frequencies
 
Formant spacing
 
Harmonic intervals
When two tones differ slightly in frequency and create a “wobbling” effect, this is called:
 
Beats
 
Masking
 
Echo
 
Resonance
The ear perceives doubling of loudness roughly with every:
 
10 dB increase
 
20 dB increase
 
3 dB increase
 
6 dB increase
The lowest sound level that can be detected 50% of the time is called:
 
Threshold of hearing
 
Threshold of pain
 
Dynamic range
 
Reference intensity
The phenomenon where one sound makes another inaudible is:
 
Masking
 
Resonance
 
Vibration
 
Reflection
The decibel (dB) scale is:
 
Logarithmic
 
Relative to time
 
Linear
 
Exponential
The ear is most sensitive to frequencies between:
 
500–4,000 Hz
 
20–100 Hz
 
8,000–16,000 Hz
 
50–200 Hz
The smallest detectable difference between two sounds is the:
 
Difference limen
 
Just noticeable pitch
 
Absolute threshold
 
Sound pressure level
The study of the perception of sound is called:
 
Psychoacoustics
 
Phonotactics
 
Neurolinguistics
 
Audiometry
Which term describes the energy loss of a vibrating system over time?
 
Damping
 
Resonance
 
Interference
 
Amplitude
The lowest frequency of a periodic sound is called:
 
Fundamental frequency
 
Harmonic
 
Resonant frequency
 
Overtonal frequency
The fundamental frequency (F0) corresponds to:
 
The rate of vocal fold vibration
 
The loudest harmonic
 
The first formant
 
The intensity of speech
Stops are acoustically identified by:
 
Silence followed by burst release
 
Nasal murmur
 
Continuous noise
 
Steady-state formants
Fricatives show which visual pattern on a spectrogram?
 
Random high-frequency noise
 
Low-frequency bands
 
Distinct formant transitions
 
Periodic vertical striations
Nasal consonants are characterized acoustically by:
 
Antiformants and nasal murmur
 
Long VOT
 
Burst noise
 
High frequency energy
Which of the following sounds shows a voice bar on a spectrogram?
 
/b/
 
/k/
 
/t/
 
/p/
Which acoustic cue best distinguishes voiced from voiceless stops?
 
Voice onset time (VOT)
 
Nasal murmur
 
Intensity contour
 
Formant transitions
As the tongue height decreases, F1 generally:
 
Increases
 
Decreases
 
Disappears
 
Stays constant
The formant primarily related to tongue advancement is:
 
F2
 
F0
 
F1
 
F3
In vowels, the formant primarily related to tongue height is:
 
F1
 
F2
 
F3
 
F0
A simple harmonic motion produces which type of wave?
 
Sine wave
 
Tansverse
 
Complex
 
Longitudinal
When two sound waves combine and increase amplitude, this is called:
 
Constructive interference
 
Destructive interference
 
Attenuation
 
Resonance
Complex sounds are made up of:
 
Multiple frequencies (harmonics)
 
Silence
 
Only aperiodic waves
 
A single frequency
Frequency corresponds perceptually to:
 
Pitch
 
Duration
 
Loudness
 
Quality
Amplitude corresponds perceptually to:
 
Loudness
 
Pitch
 
Duration
 
Timbre
The unit of frequency is:
 
Hertz (Hz)
 
Decibel (dB)
 
Joule (J)
 
Newton (N)
Which term refers to the number of cycles per second of a sound wave?
 
Frequency
 
Amplitude
 
Intensity
 
Phase
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