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The Middle Ages - Iván
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Who were craftspeople and artisans?
They joined together to form guilds and made products that were bought and sold by merchants.
What were the important buildings, areas an events?
The Cathedral, town square, markets and fairs.
What were the key elements of a Medieval city?
Fortified gateways, narrow streets, wooden houses close together, lots of disease, no running water, no sewage system
What year did the Christians finally conquer the Kingdom of Granada?
In 1492
What united the Kingdoms of Castilla and Aragon?
The marriage of King Fernando II of Aragon and Queen Isabel I of Castilla
What areas did Jaime I conquer? (At the same time as Alfonso X and Fernando III)
Valencia and the Balearic Islands
What areas did Alfonso X conquer?
Cadiz, Jerez and Murcia
What areas Fernando the III conquer?
Sevilla and Cordoba
What Kingdoms combined force in 1212 to defeat the Muslims and in what battle?
The Kingdoms of Aragon, Navarra, Castilla and Portugal and the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
When did Alfonso VI conquer Toledo?
1085AD
Why was Al-Andalus weak in the 11th century?
Because the taifas were in constant conflict.
Why was the Battle of Covadonga important?
It marked the beginning of the reconquista.
What was the name of the battle that Don Pelayo defeated the Muslims?
The Battle of Covadonga
When did Don Pelayo defeat the Muslim army?
In 722
What happened between the 8th century and the 10th century?
The Christians from the north created small kingdoms.
When did the reconquista begin and when did it finish?
Began- 8th century & Finished- 1492
Name 3 things that the Muslims did?
1. Advances in medicine, astronomy and mathematics, 2. introduced paper, the compass and arabic numbers. 3. libraries and Universities
What areas of study did the Muslims advance?
Medicine, astronomy and mathematics
When did Al-Andalus become independent? And where was the Caliphate?
In the year 929AD and in Cordoba.
In the beginning of Al-Andalus what external party did the territory depend on?
Caliph of Damascus
Who established the Emirate of Cordoba and in what year?
Abd al-Rahman in the year 756AD
How was Spain divided after the Battle of Guadalete?
Christian territories were in the north and Muslim territories in the south
What was the name of the Muslim's territory?
Al-Andalus
What battle did the Visigoths lose to the Muslims?
the Battle of Guadalete
Where can we find examples of Visigothic architecture?
In the north of Spain
When did the Muslims invade the Visagoth Kingdom
In 711 AD
Where was their capital?
In Toledo
When did the Visagoths control most of the Iberian Peninsula
In the 6th century
What century did the Middle Ages begin?
In the 5th century
What were some characteristics of the LATE Middle Ages?
A significant development in commerce, large villages (boroughs) and a new social class of people (bourgeoisie).
What big event happened at the beginning of the Middle Ages?
The fall of the Roman Empire
When did the Middle Ages end?
When the Europeans discovered America in 1492.
When did the Middle Ages begin?
In the 5th century.
Name the order of the social pyramid in the Middle Ages
The King, the nobles, the knights, the clergy and peasants.
During the Middle Ages, who lived in villages near the nobles? Most of them were serfs, which means they weren't free people. They had to work on the noble's land and give them part of their crops.
The peasants
During the Middle Ages, who were the religious people such as priests, monks and nuns?
The clergy
During the Middle Ages, who fought in the noble's armies and the nobles gave them land?
The knights
During the Middle Ages, who were loyal to the king and were very rich and lived in castles?
The nobles
During the Middle Ages, who ruled the country and everything and everyone belonged to him?
The King
What infrastructure was created in Roman Hispania?
Aquaducts, stone roads and sewage systems
What language did they speak in Roman Hispania?
Latin
What are three characteristics of the Pre-Roman tribes?
stoned-wall settlements, tools made of metal and trade.
What were tools made of in the Neolithic period?
Stone and bone
During what time period do we see agriculture, woolen clothes, megaliths, tools made of stone and bone
Neolithic Period
In what time period did they begin to use metal tools?
The Metal Ages
What period of time had nomads, clans, simple stone tools, clothes made of animal skins, and cave paintings?
Paleolithic Period
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