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Many vitamins act as ________.
coenzymes
Mention two examples of extracellular enzymes?
Amylase and trypsin
________ is metabolic reactions that build large molecules.
Anabolic
What are the two models that explain the action of an enzyme?
lock and key & Induced fit theory
The lock and key theory state that an enzyme will only catalyze a reaction if the substrate has a ________ shape to its active site.
complementary
In an enzyme - catalyzed reaction, the enzyme binds to the substrate to form an _____________.
enzyme-substrate complex
Enzymes are biological ________.
catalysts
Enzyme action maybe _______ or _______.
intracellular or extracellular
Enzymes are _______ proteins with a specific tertiary structure.
globular
structural change in the protein that results in the loss (usually permanent) of its biological properties
denature
structural change in the protein that results in the loss (usually permanent) of its biological properties
denature
Enzymes provide a site where reactants called substrates can be brought together in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The site is called the _______.
active site
After the enzyme and substrate bind together and perform the reaction, what does the substrate become?
A product
a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed or changed in the process
catalyst
large molecules created from DNA that is required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s cells, tissues, and organs
protein
proteins that reduce the amount of energy needed to start biochemical reactions within living cells, i.e. catalysts
enzyme
Significantly changing the pH the enzyme is exposed to will cause the enzyme to _____________.
denature
Enzymes catalyze reactions by ___________ Activation Energy.
Lowering/Decreasing
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
-ase
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
to speed up the reaction
Where do substrates bind to an enzyme?
Active site
What is the energy needed to start a chemical reaction referred to?
Activation energy
What are all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism referred to?
Metabolism
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
Substrate
"An enzyme is specific to a substrate" can be explained using which hypothesis?
Lock & Key hypothesis
Enzymes are composed of what organic molecule?
Proteins
Enzymes will make a reaction go _______ and use ______ energy.
faster; less
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