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What are cofactors and coenzymes? Why are they needed?
Cofactors and Coenzymes are chemicals, such as Vitamin C, or Iron, that fit into an enzyme and make it work better.
True or False: Lactose is a disaccharide sugar that can be oxidized by an enzyme called Sucrase.
False! Enzymes are substrate specific. Lactose will not fit into Sucrase. Only Sucrose is oxidized by Sucrase.
What is activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur.
A is _________
the enzyme's active site. The substrate fits into it.
True or False: Metabolic reactions will destroy an enzyme. Thus every chemical reaction in your body requires a brand new enzyme.
False! Enzymes are not "used up" by the chemical reactions they facilitate.
If this chemical reaction requires an enzyme what would another name for reactants be?
The substrate or substrates.
In the diagram what is on the right side of the arrow?
Products or chemicals that are the result of a chemical reaction.
In the diagram what would be on the left side of the arrow?
Reactants or chemicals about to go through a chemical reaction.
If the substrate is sucrose then the chemicals labeled A and B would be _________.
Fructose and Glucose
Why do a lot of biological chemicals need enzymes? What takes place inside of an enzyme?
The inside of an enzyme provides the perfect environment for a chemical reaction to take place because activation energy is lowered.
What is an enzyme substrate complex?
The combination of the enzyme and the chemical that goes inside of it.
In biochemistry a substrate is _______________.
the chemical, or reactant, that goes into an enzyme.
Anabolism is ____________.
the building of larger molecules by forming chemical bonds.
Catabolism is ____________.
The breaking of chemical bonds to produce smaller molecules from larger ones. (Digestion)
Sucrase is __________ that can ___________.
Sucrase is an enzyme that can catabolize (or break down) sucrose (table sugar).
A _________ is a chemical that can make a chemical reation happen faster or more efficiently.
catalyst
_______________ is a biological catalyst that can __________________________.
An enzyme is a biological catalyst that can speed up metabolic reactions in organisms.
This chemical is a ____________.
Monosaccharide (simple sugar)
True or False: Sucrose can easily pass through a human cell membrane.
False
Describe this chemical. Is it a monosaccharide or a disaccharide?
Sucrose is a disaccharide. It is essentially table sugar. It is considered to be a nutrient.
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