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Cereals (JC Home Economics)
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Give 2 types of rice and their uses.
Short Grain - Rice Pudding, Medium Grain - Risotto, Long grain and Brown Rice - Served along side savoury dishes
What happens to starch when cooked?
Starch becomes more digestible
What happens to fibre when cooked?
It softens
What is he benefit of including fibre in the diet?
Aids digestions. Prevents constipation.
What are three reasons that we include cereals in the diet?
Cheap, Filling, Versatile
What is the main nutrient present in cereals?
Carbohydrate
What is a cereal?
Edible grains which come from cultivated grasses.
List the 6 most common types of cereals.
Wheat, Barley, Rye, Oats, Rice, Maize
What is gluten?
Protein found in wheat
What is the bran?
Tough outer layer which contains fibre and some calcium, phosphorus, iron and b-vitamins
What is in the endosperm?
Starch and gluten
What is a staple food?
Make up the largest part of the diet.
What is the effect of moist cooking on cereals?
Starch grains swell and burst, absorbing the liquid around them, thickening the liquid.
What type of cereal is most commonly used in flour?
Wheat
When are main-crop potatoes harvested?
October
When are new potatoes harvested?
Summer
What are the 2 types of potato?
New and main-crop/old
What types of carbohydrates are often high in commercial breakfast cereals?
Fibre and sugar
List the uses of brown/ wheaten meal flour
Breads, scones, pastries
What type of flour can be used by coeliacs?
Gluten free flour
What type of flour is high in gluten and used for pizza?
Strong
Describe self raising flour.
Bran and germ removed during processing. Baking powder added.
List the uses of white flour.
White soda bread, cakes, scones, biscuits, buns, pastries
Describe wholemeal flour
Flour with no part of the grain removed during processing.
Define the term refined cereal.
Bran and germ are removed during processing
What does fortified mean?
Foods with extra vitamins and minerals added to increase the nutritional value of the food.
What does coagulate mean?
When the proteins set.
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