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The Respiratory System
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How does a ventilator work?
The ventilator takes pressure off the lungs (provides oxygen to the body) giving them a chance to fight infection to recover.
What is a ventilator?
Machine that takes over breathing for the body when the body cannot do it itself.
How does the respiratory system interact with the circulatory system?
Deoxygenated blood pumped through the artery to the lungs. Exchange of gases between the alveoli and the capillaries.Vein carries oxygenated blood back to heart
How does the respiratory system interact with the digestive system?
The epiglottis prevents food from entering the trachea. When phlegm coughed up sent down the oesophagus – acid in the stomach kills bacteria
What is the average BPM of an adult at rest?
12-16 Breaths
What is the function of the nostrils.
Tiny hairs filter dirt an dust particles
Where does respiration occur?
All cells
What is the function of the intercostal muscles?
Helps the ribs to move.
Name the tube that brings air from the trachea to the lung.
Trachea
What is the name of the membrane that helps the lungs move more easily?
Pleura
What is the role of the epiglottis?
Prevents food from entering the trachea.
What is the function of the ribs?
To protect the lungs
Why do we breathe?
So respiration can occur in the body
What is breathing?
Breathing is the action of taking in oxygen for respiration and letting out carbon dioxide and water vapour from respiration. (Inhaling and exhaling)
What is respiration?
Respiration is the release of energy from food in the cell of an organism.
What is the equation for respiration?
glucose + oxygen -- energy + carbon dioxide +water.
Outline the role of the diaphragm in breathing.
Inhaling - Contracts and moves down. Exhaling- Relaxes and arches up
What happens to carbon dioxide in the lungs?
It is exhaled.
What is the percentage of CO2 in exhaled air?
4%
What is the percentage of oxygen in inhaled air?
21%
Where does the oxygenated blood travel after gas exchange?
All around the body
During gas exchange, where does the co2 pass into?
From the blood into the lungs
During gas exchange, where does the oxygen pass into?
From the alveolus to the blood
What are the 5 steps involved in exhaling?
Intercostal muscles relax- ribs move down and in. Diaphragm relaxes and arches up.Volume of thorax decreases.Pressure on lungs increases. Air pushed out
Outline the steps involved in inhaling.
Intercostal muscles contract- the ribs move up and out. Diaphragm contracts- moves down. Volume the thorax increases. Pressure on lungs decreases. Air sucked in
Define diffusion
The movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What happens to limewater in the presence of Carbon Dioxide
It turns milky/cloudy
What substance is used to test for the presence of carbon dioxide?
Limewater
What features of the alveoli make them suitable for gas exchange?
Thin Walls, Surrounded by capillaries, Numerous
Where does gas exchange occur?
The Alveolus
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