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GCSE Physics Molecules and Matter Revision
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Why does the gas pressure decrease when you are higher?
There is less atmosphere above you pushing down
Why do crisp packets expand on a plane?
The gas pressure outside the crisp packet drops, the volume of the gas inside the crisp packet increases.
If you were to heat a netball, what would happen to the gas pressure inside and why?
It would increase as the particles have more kinetic energy
When you are pumping up a football, What happens to the gas pressure inside and why?
Increases - because you are adding more particles to the container
When trying to find the density of an object how can you find the object's mass?
Place the object on a top pan balance
When trying to find the density of a regular shaped object, how can you find the object's volume?
Measure the sides and use geometry to calculate the volume.
When trying to find the density of an irregular shaped object, how can you find the object's volume?
Submerge in water - record the volume of water displaced
How do you calculate denisty?
Mass / Volume
Why will this phone sink?
The phone's density is greater than water / it is displacing a volume of water with less mass than itself
Why can this duck float?
The duck's density is less than water / it is displacing a volume of water with more mass than itself
What is Archimedes principle?
When an object is submerged in water, it will displace the same amount of water as its own volume.
What is the specific latent heat of fusion?
The energy needed to turn 1kg of a substance from a solid to a liquid.
What is the specific latent heat of vaporisation?
The energy needed to turn 1kg of a substance from a liquid to a gas
Why does this heating vs temperature graph have two horizontal parts?
The object is changing state, energy is used to break bonds not increase the temperature
A change of state is a Physical or Chemical change?
Physical - no new substance is formed and it is reversible.
What is the change of state from liquid to solid called?
Freezing
What is the change of state from solid to liquid called?
Melting
What is the change of state from gas to liquid called?
Condensing
What is the change of state from liquid to gas called?
boiling / evaporation
A liquid is compressible because the particles are free to move about one another [True/False]
False - the particles are still closely arranged so incompressible
A solid is incompressible because the particles are closely arranged [True/False]
True
The temperature of a system is the ___________ kinetic energy of the particles in the system.
average
The thermal energy of a system is the total _______ ________ of the particles in the system
Kinetic energy
Particles in a solid at room temperature are not moving [True/False]
False, they are vibrating.
Transferring energy to an object will increase it's particles _________ energy.
Kinetic
A system's internal energy is the total of its what two energy stores?
Kinetic and potential
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