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Transportation in Plants
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Give two reasons why root hair cells are well adapted to their function.
Shape has a large surface area and high concentration of ions on vacuole
Compares the rate of transpiration during the day to nighttime.
Generally increases in day because stomata open for CO2 intake for photosynthesis.
Name the type of bond that forms between water molecules.
Hydrogen bond.
Give two examples of how Xerophytic plants have adapted to reduce water loss.
A thick cuticle/rolling up leafs/hairy leafs/reduced surface area/stomata in pits
How is water transported into the xylem?
By osmosis brought about due to active transport of ions.
What type of proteins actively pump ions into the xylem?
Carrier proteins
What name is given to any tissue between the upper and lower epidermis of a leaf?
Mesophyll
What theory is used to explain transpiration pull?
Cohesion-tension
Why are water are water molecules attracted to each other?
They are polar so hydrogen bonds form between molecules.
What are plasmodesmata?
Microscopic channels between plant cells through which cytoplasm may flow.
How is the structure of the casparian strip suited to its function?
It’s waxy and therefore waterproof.
What is the symplastic pathway?
The route through the cytoplasm and plasmodesmata by which water is transported.
What is the apoplastic pathway?
The route through the cell walls and intracellular space by which water is transported.
What is the casparian strip?
A waterproof band found in endodermal cells which prevents water moving into the xylem through the cell walls.
What name is given to the space between cells of the mesophyll?
Air space
What name is given to the pore through which water usually leaves the plant during transpiration?
Stomata
What is transpiration?
The evaporation of water from a plant.
What name is given to the process of water moving through a partially permeable membrane, from a higher water potential to a lower water potential?
Osmosis
On which organ are the stomata found?
Leaf
What specialized plant cell absorbs water from the ground?
Root hair cell
What is the name of the vascular tissue through which most water moves up the stem?
Xylem
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