Clara - Spheres of Earth | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

What minerals are used to make jewelry?

gold, silver, diamonds, and rubies

What is an ore?

mineral from which the metal is extracted

What are the four uses of minerals?

obtain metals, make jewelry, obtain other substances, and make electronic computers

What rocks do we use in industry?

plastics, paints, and fertilizers from petroleum

What rocks do we use in construction?

clay to make bricks and tiles; marble and granite to make buildings

What rocks do we use for transport?

fuel obtained from petroleum

What are the three main uses of rocks?

obtain energy, construction, and industry

What mineral is extracted from mines?

coal

What are mines?

deep excavations with shafts and tunnels

What mineral is extracted from quarries?

granite

What are quarries?

open-pit mines

Where are the two places rocks and minerals are extracted from?

quarries and mines

What is the softest mineral?

gypsum

What is the hardest mineral?

diamond

What is a mineral's hardness?

how easily it can be scratched

What is lustre?

how shiny a mineral is

What are the two types of shapes minerals can have?

regular and irregular shapes

What is density?

the relationship between the mass of the mineral and its volume

Are all minerals always the same color?

no; some minerals can occur in many different colors

What are the five properties of minerals?

colour, density, shape, lustre, and hardness

What are minerals?

natural materials that make up most rocks

Do metamorphic rocks melt?

no

What causes metamorphic rocks?

formed from other rocks that were transformed due to heat or pressure

What are fossils and what type of rocks are they contained in?

remains of living things; sedimentary rocks

What causes sedimentary rocks?

accumulation of sediments over thousands of years

What are the two ways igneous rocks are formed?

slow cooling of magma that comes to the surface when crust erodes; lava cooling quickly

What causes igneous rocks?

magma

What are the three types of rocks?

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

What are rocks and what are they made up of?

materials that make up the geosphere; made up of one or more minerals

What is soil?

the outer layer of Earth's crust

What is created when sand is deposited by the wind?

deserts

What is created when sand is deposited by water?

beaches

What do we call the materials that are deposited?

sediments

What is deposition?

materials settle when the water or wind stops

What is transport?

water and wind cary eroded materials from one place to another

What is created when rivers and streams erode from their beds?

valleys

What two agents remove materials from rocks and soil?

water and wind

What are the two ways rocks are broken down?

water freezing in their cracks and roots of plants growing in the cracks

What are the four external processes that change the Earth's surface?

breaking down of rocks, erosion, transport, and deposition

Is the creation of depressions sudden or slow?

very slow

What are the two major depressions of Spain?

Depresión del Ebro and Depresión del Guadalquivir

What is formed when Earth's internal energy sometimes causes part of the crust to sink?

depressions

Is the formation of volcanoes sudden or slow?

sudden

What is formed when Earth's internal energy causes parts of the crust to rise?

mountain ranges

What do underwater volcanoes create? Give an example.

islands; Islas Canarias

What forms volcanoes?

magma flows out through cracks of the Earth's surface

What causes changes in the landforms of the Earth's surface?

internal energy due to the high temperatures of the Earth's interior

What is the hydrosphere?

all the Earth's waters

What is the biosphere?

all living things and places where they live

What is the atmosphere?

layer of gases that surrounds earth; made up of air

Is the inner core solid or liquid?

solid

Is the outer core solid or liquid?

liquid

What is the core?

innermost layer of the geosphere

What is magma?

molten rocks

What is the mantle?

layer below the crust; contains molten rocks called magma

What is the crust?

outermost layer of the geosphere; where life exists

What are the three layers of the geosphere?

crust, mantle, and core

What is the geosphere?

rocky part of Earth

What are the four spheres of Earth?

geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere