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After fertilization of an angiosperm seed, what does the ovary become?
Fruit!
How does pollination occur in angiosperms?
Pollen is carried from the stigma of one flower to the stigma of another by the wind or animals.
How does pollination happen in gymnosperms?
pollen from male cones is carried by the wind to female cones.
Where does fertilization occur in gymnosperms?
Female Cones
What are two examples of a gymnosperm?
Stone pine, prickly juniper, fir
What are the stamens?
These produce the male gamete in flowers.
What is the pistil?
Part of a flower that produces female gametes.
What do stamens in a flower produce?
Pollen grains.
What do angiosperms have that gymnosperms don't?
True flowers and fruit.
True or False: Male and female cones cannot be on the same plant.
False
Where are seeds formed inside of gymnosperms?
Cones
How do rhizomes grow? An example?
These are underground stems. They can produce new plants. The lily & ginger is an example.
How do bulbs grow? An example?
These are underground stems inside fleshy leave. The leaves store nutrients. Each bulb can produce a new plant. Example: Onions
How do stolons grow? An example?
These are stems that grow parallel to the ground. They can grow roots and produce a new plant. Example: strawberry
How do tubers grow? An example?
These are thick underground stems. They store nutrients and can produce a new plant. Example: potato
What are the four types of asexual production?
Tubers, Stolons, Bulbs, Rhizomes
What's the difference between tropic and nastic movements?
Tropic movements create a permanent change and nastic movements are temporary change.
What is Thermonasty?
The stimulus is temperature. Some flowers open their petals when the temperature rises and close them when it decreases.
The stimulus is a chemical substance, such as water. When there is no water, plants close their stomata to prevent the loss of water vapour.
Chemonasty
What is Seismonasty?
This is a sudden response to tactile stimulus. For example, the response of the carnivorous plant when an insect touches it.
Light stimulus. Some flowers open during the day, in sunlight, and close at night.
Photonasty
What is Thigmotropism?
Physical contact stimulus. Some plants wind their stems around an object.
Water stimulus. The roots grow in search of water or humid areas. .
Hydrotropism
What is Geotropism?
Gravity stimulus. The root grows towards gravity and the stems grow away from it.
This is a stimulus to light. The stems grow towards the light and the roots grow away from it.
Phototropism
What are the four nastic movements?
Photonasty, Seismonasty, Chemonasty, Thermonasty
What are the four different tropic movements?
Phototropism, Geotropism, Hydrotropism, Thigmotropism
How is elaborated sap transported?
Along vascular tissues, called phloem vessels.
What is elaborated sap?
Mix of water and organic matter produced during photosynthesis.
What does the stomata do?
Microscopic holes where carbon dioxide and water vapor and move in and out.
Plants take in water and mineral salts through the ___________ ___________ in their roots.
absorbent hairs
What is raw sap made of?
Mix of water and mineral salts.
What do vascular tissues do?
Transport the sap around the plant.
What are the duties of the roots? (Hint: 3 things)
Roots fix the plant to the soil, they absorb water and mineral salts, can store substances.
What does are the duties of the stem. (Hint: 3 things)
Supports the plant. Vascular tissues pass through it. Stores substances.
What happens inside of leaves? (Hint: 2 Things)
Where photosynthesis occurs and capture of carbon dioxide
What is the green pigment inside chloroplasts?
Chlorophyll


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