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These contain genetic information that isn't necessary for life, but may contain beneficial information, like drug resistance.
Plasmids
These are the nitrogenous bases found within DNA.
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine
This nitrogenous base is found only in RNA
Uracil
This kind of bond forms the backbone of both DNA and RNA
Phosphodiester bonds.
If B. cereus is 30% cytosine, what percentage of it is thymine?
20%
If B. cereus has 27% Adenine in its DNA, what percent is composed of uracil?
There's no uracil in DNA ;)
What is a Gene?
A specific sequence of nucleotides that code for RNA molecules or proteins.
What is a genome?
The complete genetic content of an organism
What is a gene locus?
The specific location of a gene on a chromosome.
I have genes for both green eyes and blue eyes. Is this my genotype or my phenotype?
Genotype
What is a promoter?
The site where RNA Polymerase binds, signaling the beginning of transcription.
What are the components of a nucleotide?
A phosphate, a pentose and a nitrogenous base
What are some characteristics of RNA?
Single stranded. Ribose as the pentose. Uracil is unique to RNA.
What are some characteristics of DNA?
Double stranded. Deoxyribose as the pentose. Thymine is unique to DNA.
What is meant by "semiconservative" DNA replication?
Half of the new DNA strand is "conserved" from the parent strand, and the other half is newly replicated.
This enzyme divides double stranded DNA during replication
Helicase
This enzyme forms a phosphodiester bond between new nucleotides.
Ligase
Describe the central dogma theory.
The flow of genetic information: DNA -> RNA -> Protein.
What codon is the "start" codon?
AUG/Methionine
What is the function of single strand binding proteins?
Maintain the integrity of the replication fork. Holds it open
Why are genes regulated?
To conserve energy, respond to the environment.


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