APUSH American Revolution | Baamboozle - Baamboozle

First Continental Congress

meeting of delegates from nine colonies in Philadelphia to address problems in the colonies. Produced appeals to the British government

Declaratory Act

Act passed by the British when the Stamp Act was repealed to reaffirm Britain's absolute sovereignty over the American colonies.

Thomas Hutchinson

British governor of Massachusetts whose stubborn policies helped provoke the Boston Tea Party

Boston Port Act

reaction to the Boston Tea Party which closed the port of Boston

Intolerable Acts

harsh measures of retaliation for the Boston Tea Party on Massachusetts, including the Boston Port Act

Samuel Adams

defender of the common people's rights and organizer of underground propaganda and communication committees

"Champagne Charley" Townshend

minister whose attempt to impose import taxes nearly succeeded, but eventually brewed trouble for Britain

Stamp Act

tax passed by Parliament which was repealed the next year after colonial resistance made it impossible to enforce

George Grenville

British minister who raised a storm of protest by passing the Stamp Act

John Hancock

wealthy president of the Continental Congress and "King of the Smugglers"

"continental"

paper currency authorized by Congress to finance the revolution. depreciated to near worthlessness

Hessians

term for German mercenaries hired by the British to fight the Americans

committees of correspondence

underground networks of communication and propaganda established by Samuel Adams that sustained colonial resistance

tea

the product taxed under the Townshend Acts that generated the most colonial resistance

nonimportation agreements

effective form of organized colonial resistance against the Stamp Act; made homespun clothing fashionable

virtual representation

British governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including American colonists, even if they did not vote for its members.

admiralty courts

hated British courts in which juries were not allowed and defendants were assumed guilty until they could be proven innocent

Navigation Laws

set of laws passed by Parliament that restricted colonial trade and directed it to the benefit of Britain. largely ignored by the American colonists

Joseph Brant

Mohawk chief who led many Iroquois to fight with Britain against American revolutionaries

General William Howe

British general who chose to relax in New York and Philadelphia rather than march up the Hudson River to fight

Franklin, Jay, John Adams

worked with the British to win a generous peace treaty

Thomas Jefferson

drafted Declaration of Independence

Thomas Paine

British immigrant who wrote Common Sense

Bunker Hill

military engagement that led King George III officially to declare the colonists in revolt

Holland

European nation other than France and Spain that supported the American Revolution by declaring war on Britain

militiamen

irregular American troops who played a crucial role in swaying the neutral civilian population toward the Patriot cause

Mississippi River

western boundary of the United States established in the Treaty of Paris

the south

region which saw some of the Revolution's most bitter fighting, from 1780 to 1782, between American General Nathanael Greene and British General Cornwallis

Second Continental Congress

body that chose George Washington as commander in chief of the Continental Army

Treaty of Paris

ends the American Revolution. US is formally recognized as an independent nation, and receives land west of the Mississippi.

1783

year Treaty of Paris (ending the American Revolution) was signed

Yorktown

decisive battle at which General Cornwallis surrendered. Washington assaulted the British by land while the French Navy blocked them off by sea.

General Cornwallis

British general during the American Revolution. Was defeated at the Battle of Yorktown and surrendered his entire force.

Privateers

basically legal American pirates. Captured British ships, brought in gold, rallied American support, and harassed the British

John Paul Jones

early leader of the American Navy. Never made much of an impact on the British fleets, but did harass them.

George Rogers Clark

fronteirsman who seized many British forts in Illinois by surprise, helping to clear out the Ohio River Valley.

General Nathanael Greene

American General who defeated British General Cornwallis and cleared Georgia and South Carolina of British troops

Battle of Saratoga

a decisive battle in the American Revolution. The American victory helped rally the colonists to the American cause. Was a turning point in the war as...

General John Burgoyne

British general in the American Revolution. His failure was important to the American capture of the Hudson River Valley. Surrendered his entire comma...

General William Howe

British general in the American Revolution. Was not a great military leader, and was captured by surprise by George Washington on Christmas morning.

Patrick Henry

Famous for saying "Give me liberty or give me death!"

William Franklin

Supporter of the loyalist cause who was the last royal governor of New Jersey.

Patriots, Whigs

American colonists who were pro-revolution and independence. They were extremely passionate and zealous and were always trying to win over those colon...

Loyalists, Tories

American colonists loyal to England and the British Crown. Most common among the older generations and in areas where the Anglican Church was still th...

Declaration of Independence

compiled by the Continental Congress to formally declare America as a nation independent from Britain, and to explain why this was fair and necessary....

natural rights

rights all humankind deserve, according to the Continental Congress. The colonies believed they deserved to revolt because the King went against these...

Richard Henry Lee

member of the Philadelphia Congress from Virginia. Passionately believed that the American colonies should be free states independent from Britain. Hi...

Common Sense

Argument for the importance of liberty and republicanism. Rallied the Americans together against the British Crown

General Richard Montgomery

led the unsuccessful American attempt to capture Quebec, and was killed in the battle

Olive Branch Petition

written by the Continental Congress after some initial military action between Britain and America. Proclaimed American loyalty to Britain and attempt...

Benedict Arnold

won many key battles for the American cause during the Revolution. Shockingly turned traitor in 1780 and sold out West Point to the British

Ethan Allen

led a small American force to capture British strongholds at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, obtaining stores of gunpowder and weapons. these supplies pr...

2nd Continental Congress

met in Philadelphia as a response to the violence at Lexington and Concord. All of the thirteen colonies were represented. the delegates still wished...