Share Geography 2nd year Revision
Save to Folder
What are the three main types of rock?
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
Give one example of an igneous rock and say how it forms.
Basalt (or Granite). It forms when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and solidifies.
Give one example of an igneous rock and say how it forms.
They form from the accumulation, burial, and lithification (compacting and cementing) of mineral particles or organic matter. Example: Sandstone or Limestone.
Describe how metamorphic rocks form. Give an example.
They form when existing rocks are subjected to intense heat and pressure without melting, changing their structure. Example: Marble or Slate.
True or False: Granite is an igneous rock.
True
Which rock type is most likely to contain fossils? Why?
Sedimentary. These rocks form at temperatures and pressures low enough to preserve organic remains rather than destroying them.
What is mass movement? Explain in two sentences.
Mass movement is the downward movement of soil and rock fragments under the direct influence of gravity. It includes processes like landslides, mudflows, and ro
Match: Limestone is... — (a) formed from cooled magma (b) formed from compressed sediments (c) altered by heat and pressure.
(b) formed from compressed sediments.
Explain how weathering and erosion help create sedimentary rocks.
Weathering breaks rocks into small fragments (sediment), and erosion transports these fragments to new locations where they settle in layers to eventually becom
Where in karst do we find stalactites and stalagmites?
Inside underground caves or caverns.
Name the three types of plate boundaries.
Convergent, Divergent, and Transform.
What happens at a convergent plate boundary? Give one example of a landform that can form there.
Two plates move toward each other. A common landform is a mountain range (like the Himalayas) or a volcanic island arc.
What features are created at divergent plate boundaries?
Mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys.
How do plate movements cause earthquakes? (brief)
Plates get "locked" together due to friction; when the built-up stress exceeds the friction, they slip suddenly, releasing energy as an earthquake.
Multiple choice: Which plate boundary is associated with oceanic ridges? A) Constructive B) Destructive C) Conservative
A) Constructive (Divergent).
True or False: Subduction happens when an oceanic plate sinks beneath a continental plate.
True.
