What is the primary focus of behaviorism as a psychological theory?
Observable actions and behaviors.
Self-actualization and personal growth.
Internal mental states and thoughts.
Unconscious desires and conflicts.
Who is most famously associated with Classical Conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
John B. Watson
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response is called the:
Neutral Stimulus (NS)
Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
Conditioned Response (CR)
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
A child is given a sticker (which they like) every time they finish their homework. This is an example of:
Positive Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Positive Punishment
Negative Punishment
Operant conditioning, largely associated with B.F. Skinner, is a method of learning that occurs through:
Rewards and punishments for behavior.
The association of two different stimuli.
Natural, reflexive responses.
Observing and imitating others.
In the 'Little Albert' experiment by John B. Watson, the loud noise was the:
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Conditioned Response (CR)
Neutral Stimulus (NS)
Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
An annoying car alarm stops beeping after you fasten your seatbelt. As a result, you are more likely to fasten your seatbelt in the future. This is an example of:
Positive Punishment
Negative Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Taking away a teenager's phone for breaking curfew is an example of:
Positive Punishment
Positive Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Negative Punishment
If you teach a dog to salivate to a bell, but then stop pairing the bell with food, the salivation response will eventually weaken and disappear. This process is called:
Generalization
Spontaneous Recovery
Acquisition
Extinction
Rewarding successive approximations (small steps) toward a final, complex behavior is called:
Generalization
Extinction
Chaining
Shaping
