The cranial nerve primarily responsible for jaw movement is:
VII (Facial)
V (Trigeminal)
XII (Hypoglossal)
X (Vagus)
The Facial nerve (VII) controls:
Soft palate elevation
Facial expression and taste to anterior ⅔ of tongue
Vocal fold adduction
Tongue protrusion
Cranial nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal) mediates:
Tongue tip movement
Lip rounding
Taste posterior ⅓ of tongue and pharyngeal elevation
Jaw closing
Cranial nerve X (Vagus) innervates muscles for:
Chewing
Laryngeal movement and velar closure
Tongue retraction
Lip protrusion
Damage to the Facial nerve (VII) often results in:
Hypernasality
Reduced jaw strength
Facial asymmetry and poor labial closure
Impaired tongue protrusion
A lesion to cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear) may cause:
Hypernasal speech
Dysarthria
Hearing loss and balance difficulties
Tongue deviation
The Recurrent laryngeal branch of the Vagus nerve innervates:
All intrinsic laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid
Facial muscles
Pharyngeal constrictors
Cricothyroid only
Damage to cranial nerve XII results in tongue deviation:
Straight forward
Toward the weaker side
Away from the lesion
No deviation
The Accessory nerve (XI) contributes to:
Head and shoulder movement via trapezius and SCM
Palatal retraction
Laryngeal closure
Taste perception
Broca’s area is located in:
Superior temporal gyrus
Inferior frontal gyrus, typically left hemisphere
Angular gyrus
Parietal lobe
Lesion to Broca’s area results in:
Fluent speech with paraphasias
Nonfluent, effortful speech with relatively good comprehensi
Pure word deafness
Global aphasia
Wernicke’s area is primarily responsible for:
Motor planning for speech
Auditory comprehension of language
Motor execution
Visual word recognition
The Arcuate fasciculus connects:
Motor and sensory cortices
Frontal and occipital lobes
Cerebellum and brainstem
Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas
Damage to the Arcuate fasciculus typically causes:
Transcortical motor aphasia
Global aphasia
Conduction aphasia
Anomic aphasia
The Angular gyrus plays a key role in:
Motor speech
Auditory discrimination
Tongue coordination
Reading and writing
Heschl’s gyrus corresponds to the:
Corpus callosum
Visual association area
Primary auditory cortex
Motor strip
