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What name is given to foreign particles that stimulate the immune response?
Antigens
Which cells produce antibodies?
Lymphocytes
What are antibodies made of?
Proteins
Which line of defence prevents pathogens from entering the body?
First line of defence
Which enzyme in tears and saliva destroys some bacteria?
Lysozyme
Which organ’s acid destroys bacteria in food and drink?
Stomach (Hydrochloric acid)
Which skin secretion prevents microorganism growth?
Sebum (oil and acid).
What fluid secreted by the respiratory tract traps bacteria?
Mucus
What is the role of blood clotting in defence?
Prevents entry of bacteria through wounds.
Which line of defence includes fever, phagocytosis and inflammation?
Second line of defence
Which two leucocytes carry out phagocytosis?
Neutrophils and monocytes
What is formed when a phagocyte engulfs a bacterium?
Phagosome
Which organelle combines with a phagosome to digest bacteria
Lysosome
Which enzyme in lysosomes digests bacteria?
Lysozyme
Which chemical triggers the inflammatory response?
Histamine
What happens to blood capillaries when histamine is released?
They expand and become more permeable
