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Compare and contrast Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Crohns: Can affect any part of the GI tract & is often found in "patches" throughout. UC is confined to the colon/rectum, characterized by cont. inflammation.
Pantoprazole is in this class of medication, what is it used to treat?
This is a Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), used to treat Peptic ulcer disease, GERD.
What education do you want to provide a patient prescribed nitroglycerin?
Can cause ortho. hypotension, a throbbing headache, can develop tolerance, store in a cool, dark location to avoid degradation, etc.
Infection with Helicobacter pylori may cause you to develop this, so don't drink from test tubes!
Peptic ulcers!
Your patient, who is on several different meds to treat heart disease and HBP reports muscle aches and dark brown urine. What are they experiencing? What med is the likely culprit?
Rhabdomyolysis, caused by a statin. What do statins treat?
Kayleigh has been given lisinopril (true story). Give her two pieces of education regarding taking this medication.
Can cause angioedema, which is an emergency. It can also cause a dry, nonproductive cough that is REALLY annoying.
How did Kayleigh's lisinopril lower her blood pressure? What type of medication is lisinopril?
Lisinopril is an Angiotensin-Coverting Enzyme inhibitor- blocking ACE promotes vasodilation, decreasing BP
You suspect that your patient has hyperkalemia. Name 2 signs/symptoms they may be experiencing.
Fatigue, palpitations, muscle weakness, arrythmias
What class of medication is metoprolol and what does it treat? When do we hold it?
Metoprolol is a beta blocker, used to treat hypertension and tachycardia. Hold if HR is less than FIFTY.
Why do we hesitate to give an asthmatic patient a betablocker like metoprolol?
Because it can induce bronchospasm.
What does erythropoietin do? What organ secretes it?
Erythropoietin is secreted by the kidneys, it prompts production of RBCs. Patients with kidney disease are at risk of becoming anemic.
The antidote to this medication is vitamin K. What labs should be monitored while on this medication?
Warfarin! Check your INR!
A patient who doesn't make enough intrinsic factor will have a hard time absorbing this, leading to this kind of anemia.
Vitamin B-12, leading to Pernicious anemia.
This is a thrombolytic medication used to dissolve blood clots in conditions like acute ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, or pulmonary embolism.
Alteplase
Name 3 things to avoid while taking atorvastatin
Pregnancy, grapefruit, alcohol.
What does Aliskiren inhibit? What is the end result?
Aliskiren inhibits renin, which further inhibits the actions of angiotensin I & II and aldosterone, lowering blood pressure.
