A small, circulalr DNA strand that is found in the cytoplasm and can be traded with other bacteria is known as ____________.
A plasmid
What is an endospore?
An endospore is an asexual structure that protects bacterial DNA and allows the bacteria to go dormant when environmental or nutritional conditions get bad.
What does a flagellum do for a bacteria?
A flagellum allows for locomotion or movement. In the case of bacteria the movement is comparable to swimming.
Which has the thicker peptidoglycan layer in the cell walls? Gram Positive or Gram Negative Bacteria?
Gram Positive Bacteria have a thicker pepdioglycan layer in the cell walls.
For a bacteria, where does protein digestion take place?
Excreted enzmyes will allow digestion of the protein outside its "body". Small proteins diffuse into the cytoplasm and are digested internally as well.
How are bacterial chromosomes similar and different from human chromosomes?
Bacterial DNA is double stranded but exists as a circular loop instead of a linear strand.
What is a bacterial genome?
The sum total of a bacteria's DNA, or ALL of the DNA and genes needed for a bacteria to be a bacteria.
An organism without a nucleus in its only cell will typically be classified as _____________ and ___________
prokaryotic and unicellular
A bacterial infection of the lungs can be caused by ______________.
Pneumonia
A bacterial disease that can be contracted after handling dead animals.
Anthrax
What happens when a bacteria gains impermeability?
The cell wall becomes so thick antibiotics cannot get into the bacteria. This will cause antibiotic resistance.
If bacterial genes mutate, and a protein that an antibiotic can target gets altered, this type of antibiotic resistance is known as ___________.
modification
A bacteria that humans need in their intestines but can also cause food poisoining.
E. coli
Antibiotics that target Transfer RNA (tRNA) or Messenger RNA (mRNA) are actually targeting the _______________.
ribosome
Why are the ribosomes in bacteria always considered to be "free floating"?
Because bacteria have no fatty internal membranes for ribosomes to attach to.
