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Sea-floor spreading
formation of new areas of oceanic crust, which occurs through the rising of magma at mid-ocean ridges and its subsequent outward movement on either side.
Deep-ocean trench
Trenches are like extremely deep valleys, just in the ocean instead of on land.
Subduction
The sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate.
Convection Currents
Convection currents are flowing fluid that is moving because there is a temperature or density difference within the material.
Plate (as in tectonic plate)
Tectonic plates are broken pieces made of the Earth's crust or lithosphere.
Divergent boundary
A divergent boundary is an area where two crustal plates are separating.
Convergent boundary
A convergent boundary is where two tectonic plates push together.
Transform boundary
A transform boundary is one where two plates slide past each other.
Plate tectonics
Mountains form and earthquakes shake at tectonic plate boundaries, where new landforms rise and fall.
Fault (geology definition)
A fault is a fracture, or break, in the Earth's crust
Rift Valley
A rift valley is a lowland region that forms where Earth's tectonic plates move apart or rift.
Lithosphere
The lithosphere is the solid and rigid outer layer of our planet.
Magma
magma is melted rock that is under the ground.
Mid-ocean ridge
The mid-ocean ridge is formed where two tectonic plates meet under the ocean.
