Name the three types of natural risks in Chile.
Hydrological, meterological & geological
What is an earthquake?
Movements caused by the release of large amounts of energy stored in the tectonic plates.
Why is an earthquake a great risk?
It changes the Earth’s surface, they can
cause great damage near populated
areas.
How can we reduce their negative effect of an Earthquake?
Creating emergency plans like evacuation routes, establishing safety zones and making anti seismic technology for buildings.
How are earthquakes measured?
The RICHTER scale measures the force/magnitude. A seismograph is the instrument used.
The damage caused is measured by the scale of Mercalli.
What is a Tsunami?
Giant waves made my earthquakes that
deform the seabed, making it sink or rise.
Why is a tsunami a risk?
They are destructive because they drag the sea, people, animals, vegetation,
constructions etc. from the coast.
What is the SHOA?
Public organization that reports and assists when in risk of a tsunami. It is a part of the Chilean navy which interchanged information with other international
What are Volcanic erruptions?
The ejection of solid, liquid and gaseous materials from the interior of the Earth.
What are the risks of volcanic erruptions?
It can cause soil, air, and water pollution.
It can also cause fires and landslides.
How can we reduce the negative effect of volcanoes?
By monitoring volcanic activity always. Not building houses, or any construction near the volcano.
What is a Flood?
Overflow of water in dry areas.
Why are floods a risk?
Can damage houses, people and infrastructure.
What is a landslide?
Movement or displacement of terrain, after an earthquake, eruption or hard rain.
What is an Alluvium?
A large quantity of material formed in sloping areas.
What is the ONEMI?
Public organization concerned about risks and
catastrophes. It helps coordinates with agencies such as the Meteorological Direction of Chile and Red Cross.
