Land degradation is both a cause and effect of rural poverty and vulnerability. Poor rural households in developing countries suffer _____ from land degradation. (PROPORTION)
disproportionately
Much of that loss - more than one in 10 of all plants and animals - is already _____ because of the extra global warming gases already discharged into the atmosphere. (REVERSE)
irreversible
It comes in the form of an appeal to social justice: one that casts environmentalists as an aloof, out-of-touch establishment, and the _____ as insurgents, defending the values and livelihoods of ordinary people. (ACTION)
inactivists
A prime example of _____ flexibility in animals is the documented adaptation to ongoing human-provoked climate change. (BEHAVIOUR)
behavioural
As will be explained more in detail later on, under each country separately, the main causes for the decline in coal production were lack of labor and _____ to move coal from the mines owing to car shortage. (ABLE)
inability
Parts of the Earth will likely become close to _____, and other parts horrifically inhospitable, as soon as the end of this century. (HABIT)
uninhabitable
The best available science indicates that _____ killing native carnivores is not an effective method for increasing game species abundance. (DISCRIMINATE)
indiscriminately
Fossil fuel use is also _____ for our health and the safety of the environment. For example, emissions from coal-fired power plants are responsible for respiratory illness and premature deat (SUSTAIN)
unsustainable
Many fish are left to asphyxiate, a method increasingly viewed as _____, since fish can remain conscious for minutes to hours after removal from the water, and growing research shows that they feel pain (HUMAN)
inhumane
Genetically modified food is not necessarily _____ in a sense that would offer a good reason for favoring food that is not genetically modified. (NATURE)
unnatural
The analysis is particularly relevant to the experience of environmental _____ in the context of weak governance structures. (RESPONSIBLE)
irresponsibility
It is essential to provide space for research on the _____ of the COVID-19 pandemic. (IMPLY)
implications
_____ bonds are broken when individuals are sold or traded to other zoos. (GENERATION)
Intergenerational
Removing individual specimens from the wild further endangers the wild population because the remaining individuals will be less _____ diverse and may have greater difficulty finding mates. (GENE)
genetically
The casual link between life _____ and environmental quality may also go around. Several studies show that the environmental quality is a very important factor affecting health and morbidity. (EXPECT)
expectancy
The executive arm of the European Union has pledged 100 million euros ($116 million) to a UN fund to assist _____ nations in adapting to climate change. (DEVELOP)
underdeveloped
